欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (3): 147-152.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-0782

所属专题： 马铃薯

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

覆膜方式对旱作马铃薯产量和土壤水分的影响

王颖慧 蒙美莲 陈有君 张静 王朝霞 崔成龙   

  • 收稿日期:2012-03-08 修回日期:2012-07-24 出版日期:2013-01-25 发布日期:2013-01-25
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金项目(CARS-10-P17)。

Effect of Different Film-covering Modes on the Yield and Soil Moisture of Dry Land Tillage Potato

  • Received:2012-03-08 Revised:2012-07-24 Online:2013-01-25 Published:2013-01-25

PDF (PC)

898

摘要： 为探讨适合内蒙古武川县旱作马铃薯栽培的覆膜方式，采用田间试验和室内分析相结合的方法，研究了露地平播、平作行上覆膜、双垄全膜覆盖、起垄行上覆膜及起垄覆膜膜侧播种5种不同覆膜方式对旱作马铃薯产量及其构成因素、水分利用效率和土壤含水量变化的影响。结果表明，覆膜有利于提高旱作马铃薯的产量和单株结薯数。与露地平播相比，4种覆膜方式均有利于提高旱作马铃薯的产量和水分利用效率，提高幅度分别变化在6.71%~83.57%、12.04%~135.36%。同种覆膜方式下，施用抗旱剂较未施抗旱剂的产量和水分利用效率高，其提高幅度分别变化在4.24%~37.11%、0.59%~23.24%。由0~ 80 cm土层土壤含水量变化看出，覆膜具有明显的集雨效果，双垄全膜覆盖能有效增加表层0~10 cm土壤含水量，起垄覆膜膜侧播种能使20~40 cm土层的土壤含水量处于较高水平；施用抗旱剂具有明显的保水效果，能够减少土壤水分的下渗，使水分更多的保存在0~40 cm土层内。

关键词: 必需氨基酸指数, 必需氨基酸指数

Abstract: The experiment, combining field experiment and laboratory analysis, was conducted to study yield components, water use efficiency and the change rule of soil moisture under the different film-covering mode, such as the traditional planting, harrowed bedding planting with film mulching, double ridge mulched completely by film, ridge mulched by film, ridge culture mulched by film and ridge side planting, and to identify the best film-covering mode under the dry land tillage potato of Wuchuan Inner Mongolia. It indicated that film-covering modes could increase the tuber yield, the single stub tuber number. Film-covering mode could increase the tuber yield and the water use efficiency by 6.71%-83.57% and 12.04%-135.36% respectively contrasted to the traditional planting. Under the one film-covering mode, drought-resistant agent could increase the tuber yield and the water use efficiency by 4.24%-37.11% and 0.59%-23.24% respectively. The conclusion from the change rule of soil moisture, showed that the film covering had the obvious rainwater harvesting, double ridge mulched completely by film was able to increase availably the soil water in 0-10 cm soil profile, the soil water of ridge culture mulched by film and ridge side planting in 20-40 cm soil profile remained at relatively high level. Drought-resistant agent had the obvious water holding effects, and could decrease soil water infiltration and made the water preserved in 0-40 cm soil profile.