欢迎访问《中国农学通报》，
中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (9): 89-93.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-2097

所属专题： 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

地震灾区稻田水改旱种植模式对农产品服务价值及土壤肥力的影响

陈尚洪 陈红琳 沈学善 王昌桃 刘定辉 吴婕   

  • 收稿日期:2012-06-04 修回日期:2012-07-23 出版日期:2013-03-25 发布日期:2013-03-25
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系四川玉米创新团队项目“玉米土壤培育与水肥高效关键技术研究”(SCCXTD2009-2-7)；四川省农业农村领域公益类专项“四川省坡耕地质量提升关键技术研究与示范”(12ZC1930)。

Effect of Different Cropping Patterns Transformed from Paddy Field to Dry Land on Agricultural Products Service Value and Soil Fertility in Earthquake-stricken Area

  • Received:2012-06-04 Revised:2012-07-23 Online:2013-03-25 Published:2013-03-25

PDF (PC)

677

摘要： 针对“5.12”地震灾区稻田干旱缺水问题，在大田条件下，设小麦/春玉米//甘薯、小麦/春玉米/大豆、小麦//绿肥-春玉米/大豆、小麦-夏玉米和冬马铃薯-夏玉米-秋马铃薯5个水改旱种植模式，研究水改旱不同种植模式对玉米生长、周年粮食产量、农产品服务价值与土壤肥力变化。结果表明：与稻田传统水稻-小麦模式相比，地震灾后实施水改旱新模式周年原粮产量增加1.55%~24.20%；水改旱2年后10~ 20 cm土层容重增加7.69%~13.85%，且水改旱间套作种模式大于轮作模式；0~20 cm土层土壤碱解氮含量提高1.48%~28.16%，有效磷含量提高181.72%~436.56%，速效钾含量提高42.47%~157.68%。种植模式和年际间农产品服务价值差异显著，其中，小麦-玉米模式增产潜力大、成本低、适宜规模化生产，可作为地震灾后稻田水改旱应急种植模式；但地震发生2年后，应全面恢复发展水稻-小麦水旱轮作。

关键词: 最低抑菌浓度, 最低抑菌浓度

Abstract: Based on drought and water shortage of paddy field in Wenchuan earthquake-stricken Area, a two-year field experiment, designed for five different cropping patterns in paddy field which transformed from paddy field to dry land, was conducted to examine effect of maize growth characteristics, grain yield, agricultural products service value and soil fertility. The results showed that: annual grain yield of dry farming cropping patterns increased by 1.55%-24.20% comparing with rice-wheat rotation. Soil bulk density of 10- 20 cm soil layer increased by 7.69%-13.85% after soil transformed from paddy field to dry land, and cropping patterns of both inter-planting and relay-planting were higher than that of rotation systems. Soil alkali-hydrolysis nitrogen, available phosphor and available potassium increased by 1.48%-28.16% , 181.66%-436.56% and 42.47%-157.68% respectively after two-year transformation from paddy field to dry land. Agricultural products service value was significantly different among various cropping patterns and different years. Cropping pattern of wheat-summer maize which characterized with high increasing potential yield, low cost, large-scale production, could be chosen as an optimum crash program instead of rice-wheat rotation in early days of earthquake, but rice-wheat rotation should be recovered two years later.