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中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (4): 94-98.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-2617

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同梨品种需冷量与南京地区促成栽培扣棚时期的比较研究

封雷 马翠云 吴华清 齐开杰 张绍铃   

  • 收稿日期:2012-07-26 修回日期:2012-08-14 出版日期:2013-02-05 发布日期:2013-02-05
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省科技支撑项目 “基于分子标记辅助育种技术选育设施用砂梨新品种” (BE2010324)。

Comparative Studies of Chilling Requirement and Covering Time of Forcing Cultivation of Different Pear Cultivars in Nanjing

  • Received:2012-07-26 Revised:2012-08-14 Online:2013-02-05 Published:2013-02-05

摘要: 为了探明适宜在南京地区设施促成栽培中使用的梨品种及其扣棚升温时期,2011—2012年用犹他(Utah)模型、0~7.2℃模型、≤7.2℃模型对栽培在南京地区37个梨品种的需冷量进行了测定。结果表明:‘爱宕’最低,以犹他模型计算为207 C.U。‘砀山酥’、‘鸭梨’、‘沙01’、‘六月酥’、‘早美酥’等需冷量高。不同梨品种需冷量分布广泛,但主要分布在300~700 C.U之间。相比而言,南京地区梨需冷量的研究采用犹他模型为妥。成熟期及其原产地与需冷量无必然的内在联系。南京冬季气候温和,日均温度波动较小,用于设施促成栽培需冷量小于400 C.U的早熟及中熟品种可在1月初覆膜升温;需冷量在400~700 C.U之间的早熟品种可在2月初覆膜升温。

关键词: 生物碱, 生物碱

Abstract: In order to research suitable pear varieties for forcing cultivation in Nanjing and the proper time for covering, During 2011-2012, the chilling requirement of 37 pear cultivars and varieties growing in Nanjing, model were determined using Utah model, 0-7.2℃model and≤7.2℃model ,respectively. The results showed that the lowest chilling requirement was‘Atago’, which needed 207 C.U tested by Utah model. Relatively, some cultivars such as‘Tangshansu’,‘Yali’,‘Sha 01’,‘Liuyuesu’,‘Zaomeisu’had higher chilling requirement. The chilling requirement of different cultivars ranged greatly, but most cultivars ranged 300-700 C.U. It was found that the Utah model was much more suitable to describe the changes of dormant course of pear buds in Nanjing. The maturity and origin of certain cultivars were not related to their chilling requirements. The climate in winter is temperate in Nanjing with small day average range. It was early January for early and middle matured cultivars with chilling requirement below 400 C.U to cover film to increase temperature. And the proper time to cover film for early matured cultivars which had chilling requirement of 400-700 C.U was early February.