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中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (15): 15-20.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-2823

所属专题: 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

旱地冬小麦缩行覆盖对土壤温、湿度的调控影响

李岩华 霍成斌 孙美荣 张俊灵 张东旭   

  • 收稿日期:2012-08-16 修回日期:2012-11-02 出版日期:2013-05-25 发布日期:2013-05-25
  • 基金资助:
    山西省科技攻关项目基金

Effect of Regulation on Soil Temperature and Humidity of Dryland Winter Wheat with Row Spacing Reduced and Straw Mulching

  • Received:2012-08-16 Revised:2012-11-02 Online:2013-05-25 Published:2013-05-25

摘要: 为了确定在缩小行距的情况下,不同时间秸秆覆盖和不同覆盖量对土壤温度、湿度以及产量的影响,通过缩小种植行距、利用玉米秸秆整秆覆盖,采用裂区设计,主区为2个处理A1(冬后覆盖)、A2(冬前覆盖),副区为不同覆盖量的4个的处理以及不覆盖对照进行试验。结果表明:在0~15 cm的土壤温度敏感层,冬前覆盖比冬后覆盖的增温明显,在整个生育期中不同覆盖量各层地温的变化曲线基本相同;0~40 cm的土壤含水量在生育期的变化趋势基本一致,冬前覆盖比冬后覆盖的土壤含水量平均高0.54%;冬后不同覆盖量处理的干物质的积累量在抽穗期—灌浆期明显高于冬前覆盖的各处理,而成熟期干物质的积累量冬前各处理要高于冬后覆盖;在产量表现最大的分别是A2B3(3669.12 kg/hm2)、A1B2(3654.79 kg/hm2)说明冬前覆盖量为6000 kg/hm2的增产效果明显。因此,利用玉米整秆覆盖,缩行增密,形成不同播幅和覆盖区宽度的种植模式,增温保墒,节水增产,提高水分利用率,是小麦增产稳产的一条有效途径。

关键词: 真核表达载体, 真核表达载体

Abstract: In order to determine the impact on soil temperature, humidity and yield of straw mulching on different time and different covering amount in the case of row spacing reduced, by Shrinked row of the planting, covered with corn straw pole. Used split-plot design, two main areas were: A1 (covered after winter) and A2 (covered before winter), the deputy district was four different amount of coverage and not covered. The results showed that, in 0-15 cm soil temperature-sensitive layer, the covered before winter warmed was obviously than after winter, the ground temperature curve of the amount of different levels coverage was the same basically during the entire growth period; the changed trend of the 0-40 cm soil moisture in the reproductive was same basically, the soil moisture before winter coverage averaged 0.54% than after winter; the dry matter accumulation of the amount of processing after winter mulched was significantly higher than that each treatment coverage before winter at heading -grain filling stage, the dry matter accumulation of each treatment of coverage before winter was higher than after winter at maturity; the biggest difference of yield performance were A2B3 (3669.12 kg/hm2) and A1B2 (3654.79 kg/hm2). Description that the coverage of 6000 kg/hm2 before winter was significantly for increasing yield. Therefore, using entire pole coverage of the corn, indenting densification, forming the mode of different broadcast pieces and zone width of cover cropping patterns, warming soil moisture, water-saving increase, improving the utilization of the water is an effective way of wheat yield stable.