关键词: 预测模拟, 预测模拟

Abstract: In order to select excellent early rice varieties by approved in Jiangxi province and direct breeding and application of early rice varieties, the general situation, breeding method , utilization of sterile line and restorer line, breeding department, yield, rice quality and disease resistance of the approved 130 early rice varieties in Jiangxi from 2003 to 2011 were summarized and evaluated in this paper. Our analysis indicated that, there were 81 three-line early hybrid rice (i.e., 62.3% of total), 30 two-line early hybrid rice (i.e., 23.1% of total) and 19 conventional rice (i.e., 14.6% of total). Hybrid early rice was major direction, three-line breeding method was major way and two-line breeding method had good prospect in Jiangxi early rice breeding. The 34 sterile lines including 23 three-line sterile lines and 11 two-line sterile lines were used to 111 hybrid early rice varieties. ‘Jin23A’, ‘Zhu1S’, ‘YouIA’, ‘Zhong9A’, ‘RongfengA’ and ‘WufengA’ were applied to make over 5 hybrid rice varieties, which were the major sterile lines in Jiangxi early rice breeding. The 87 restorer lines were used to 111 hybrid early rice varieties, which showed that application of its were wide scope and many quantities, but outstanding restorer lines were few. Study on pedigree of restorer lines indicated that, its genetic diversity was low. The 111 hybrid early rice varieties were bred by 52 breeding department which had 5 types, these were seed company, research institute, university, extension station and person, which distributed 8 province or municipalities such as Jiangxi Province, Hunan Province, Zhejiang Province, Sichuan Province, Hubei Province, Hainan Province, Beijing etc. Seed company and research institute, which were major power in breeding, bred 115 varieties (i.e., 88.46% of total). Total breeding strength of Jiangxi province was powerful, had 37 breeding department which bred 94 varieties by approved. The 90 early rice varieties, which had one or two of high yield, well rice quality or disease resistance, was selected. There were 24 high yield varieties, 42 disease resistance varieties and 12 good quality varieties and 12 varieties with two traits.