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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (24): 114-118.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-0649

所属专题： 生物技术； 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

氮肥减量后移对玉米冠层生理性状和产量的影响

高素玲 刘松涛 杨青华 常介田   

  • 收稿日期:2013-03-11 修回日期:2013-04-18 出版日期:2013-08-25 发布日期:2013-08-25

Effect of Reducing and Postponing Nitrogen Fertilization on the Yield and Canopy Physiological Properties of Corn

  • Received:2013-03-11 Revised:2013-04-18 Online:2013-08-25 Published:2013-08-25

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摘要： 为了进一步研究氮肥减量后移对玉米生理性状和产量的影响，以‘郑单958’为试材设置5个处理：不施氮(N0)、习惯施氮(N300/2)、减量施氮(N240/2)、减量后移施氮(N240/3)、减量后移施氮(N200/3)，完全随机区组设计，3次重复，种植密度75000株/hm2。结果表明，氮肥减量处理(N240/2)与习惯施氮处理(N300/2)相比叶片SPAD值、PN及产量均有所降低，Dualex值则有所增加，但差异并不显著，减量施氮在生产上应切实可行的；减量后移施氮处理(N240/3)与习惯施氮处理(N300/2)和减量施氮处理(N240/2)在出苗后30天和45天的叶片SPAD值、光合速率及产量也均有所降低，Dualex值则有所增加，表现差异也并不显著，但与减量后移施氮(N200/3)差异显著。减量后移施氮(N240/3)与习惯施氮处理(N300/2)、减量施氮处理(N240/2)和减量后移施氮(N200/3)在出苗后60天和75天的叶片SPAD值、光合速率及产量均有所增加，Dualex值则有所降低，表现差异显著。氮肥减量后移(N240/3)处理的玉米植株氮素不但能满足于玉米生长的营养需求、降低投入、提高氮素利用率且产量也得到提高。

关键词: 水稻纹枯病, 水稻纹枯病

Abstract: An experiment, with ‘Zhengdan 958’ as the trial material, was carried out for further study on the effect of reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization on the yield and physiological properties of corn, in which five ways of nitrogen fertilization - no nitrogen fertilization (N0), habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2), reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N200/3) were applied with complete randomized block design, three times’ repetition, planting density being 75000/hm2. The results showed that: compared with habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2), reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2) made the SPAD value of the blade, PN and the yield of the corn all reduced while the Dualex value increased; the difference being insignificant, which suggested that reducing nitrogen fertilization should be practical in production; compared with habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2) and reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3) made the SPAD value and the photosynthetic rate of the blade after 30 days and 45 days of sprouting as well as the yield of the corn all reduced too, while the value of Dualex had a certain increase, the difference being insignificant as well while its difference from reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N200/3) being significant; compared with habitual nitrogen fertilization (N300/2), reducing nitrogen fertilization (N240/2), and reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N200/3), reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3) made the SPAD value and the photosynthetic rate of the blade after 60 days and 75 days of sprouting as well as the yield of the corn all increased while the value of Dualex had a certain decrease, the difference being significant; corn plant nitrogen by way of reducing and postponing nitrogen fertilization (N240/3) could not only meet the demand of nutrition for corn growth, reduce the investment, and improve the yield of the corn as well as nitrogen use efficiency.

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