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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 232-237.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1121

所属专题： 食用菌； 食用菌

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

4种重金属元素对不同潮次平菇产量和质量的影响分析

胡佳羽 王武 罗友进 陈元平 廖敦秀 谢永红   

  • 收稿日期:2013-04-17 修回日期:2013-05-25 出版日期:2014-01-05 发布日期:2014-01-05
  • 基金资助:
    国家科技支撑计划循环农业科技工程项目 “西南地区种养业废弃物循环利用技术集成与示范” (2012BAD14B18)。

Analysis on Effect of 4 Kinds of Heavy Metals on the Yield and Quality of Pleurotus ostreatus Different Harvest Times

  • Received:2013-04-17 Revised:2013-05-25 Online:2014-01-05 Published:2014-01-05

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摘要： 为对当前食用菌生产质量安全提供可靠建议，促进食用菌产业可持续发展，试验以平菇为试材，通过在培养料中添加不同浓度的Pb、Cd、As、Hg元素，研究4种重金属元素对不同潮次平菇产量和质量的影响。结果表明，除50 mg/kgAs处理待出菇日期延迟8天外，其他Pb、Cd、Hg不同浓度重金属处理均能使待出菇日期提前5~13天；培养料中添加不同浓度的Pb、Cd、As、Hg重金属元素后，均能不同程度提高平菇产量（50 mg/kgAs除外），其中0.05 mg/kg Pb、1 mg/kg Pb、1 mg/kgAs和10 mg/kg Pb处理增产效果明显；除50 mg/kgAs处理使平菇生物学效率降低了15.3%外，其他Pb、Cd、Hg不同浓度重金属处理生物学效率均有明显提高，0.05 mg/kg Pb处理生物学效率最高为89.2%，较对照高42.4%；另外，相关性和主成分分析结果表明，平菇产量越低，重金属含量越高，富集系数也越高；培养料中的重金属含量越高，后期潮次的重金属含量越高，富集系数也越高，Pb、Cd、As、Hg重金属元素在平菇中的累积作用明显。

关键词: 比较优势, 比较优势, 湖北省, 玉米, 综合比较优势指数

Abstract: In order to provide reliable advice on edible fungus production quality and safety, and promote the sustainable development of the edible fungus industry, with Pleurotus ostreatus as a medium, the study was executed by adding 4 kinds of heavy metals at different concentrations into the medium in order to research the effect of heavy metals (Pb, Cd, As, Hg) on the yield and quality of the different harvest times of Pleurotus ostreatus. The results showed that except for 50 mg/kg As postpones the expected fruiting date by 8 days, the three other heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Hg) in different concentrations can advance the expected fruiting date by 5 to 13 days. By adding different concentrations of Pb, Cd, As, Hg in the medium (except for 50 mg/kg As), Pleurotus ostreatus yield can be increased. In detail, the increasing effect of 0.05 mg/kg Pb, 1 mg/kg Pb, 1 mg/kg As and 10 mg/kg Pb was apparent. Except for 50 mg/kg As reduced Pleurotus ostreatus biological efficiency by 15.3%, other different concentrations of heavy metal (Pb, Cd, Hg) can apparently increase the biological efficiency. The highest was 89.2%, processed by 0.05 mg/kg Pb, which was 42.4% higher than the reference substance. In addition, correlation and principal component study results showed that the lower Pleurotus ostreatus yield was, the higher content of heavy metals was, as well as the concentration coefficient; the higher the heavy metal content in the medium was, the higher its content in the later harvest times was, as well as the concentration coefficient. The cumulative effect of heavy metals Pb, Cd, As, Hg was apparent in Pleurotus ostreatus.