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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (1): 226-231.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-1281

所属专题： 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

苦瓜营养成分分析及采收期对苦瓜营养品质的影响

杜小凤 吴传万 王连臻 胡杨红 赵建锋 文廷刚 王伟中   

  • 收稿日期:2013-05-03 修回日期:2013-06-19 出版日期:2014-01-05 发布日期:2014-01-05
  • 基金资助:
    江苏省农业科技自主创新基金“设施栽培专用苦瓜新品种选育”[cx(09)602]；江苏省农业三项工程项目“保护地专用苦瓜新品种及其高产栽培技术示范推广”[SX(2010)036]；江苏省环洪泽湖生态农业生物技术重点实验室开放基金“苦瓜茶制作工艺及其品质分析”(HZHL1020)；淮安市科技局农业科技攻关项目“苦瓜茶制作工艺及其品质分析”(SN1175)。

Analysis of the Nutritional Components of Momordica charantia L. and Effect of Harvesting Time on Its Nutritional Quality

  • Received:2013-05-03 Revised:2013-06-19 Online:2014-01-05 Published:2014-01-05

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摘要： 为筛选适合鲜食或药用加工专用苦瓜品种及明确其采收期，以22个不同苦瓜品种（系）为试验材料，研究了不同苦瓜品种（系）的干物质量、维生素C含量、可滴定酸含量、纤维素含量、多糖含量、黄酮含量和皂苷含量等营养品质及采收期对营养品质的影响。结果表明，不同品种（系）苦瓜营养成分存在较大的差异，其干物质量、维生素C含量、可滴定酸含量、纤维素含量、多糖含量、黄酮含量和皂苷含量平均分别为5.48%、8.34 mg/(100 g·FW)、10.24 mmol/(100 g·FW)、2.33%、8.8 mg/(g·FW)、105.99 mg/(100 g·FW)和53.46 mg/(100 g·FW)。同时，研究表明：采收期对苦瓜维生素C含量、可滴定酸含量、纤维素含量、多糖含量、黄酮含量和皂苷含量具有显著的影响，苦瓜采收期以授粉后16~17天为宜，此时苦瓜品质佳。

关键词: 广西大石围天坑群风景旅游区, 广西大石围天坑群风景旅游区

Abstract: In order to screening the specialized varieties (lines) of Momordica charantia L. for suitable fresh vegetables or pharmaceutical processing and clarifing its harvesting time, 22 different varieties (lines) of Momordica charantia L. as test materials, were studied the different nutritional quality of dry matter, vitamin C, titrable acid content, cellulose content, polysaccharide content, flavonoid content and saponin content and effects of harvesting time on nutritional quality. The results showed that there was a significant difference between the nutritional components in the 22 different varieties (lines) of Momordica charantia L.. The weight of dry matter, vitamin C content, titratable acid content, cellulose content, polysaccharide content, flavonoids content and saponins content on average was 5.48%, 8.34 mg/(100 g·FW), 10.24 mmol/(100 g·FW), 2.33%, 8.8 mg/(g·FW), 105.99 mg/(100 g·FW) and 53.46 mg/(100 g·FW) respectively. The same time, the results showed that the harvesting time had a significant effect on the vitamin C content, titratable acid content, cellulose content, polysaccharide content, flavonoids content and saponins content of Momordica charantia L. and the best harvesting time for Momordica charantia L. was 16-17 days after pollination.