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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (4): 132-136.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2460

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

60Co-γ射线辐照对澳洲坚果花粉萌发的影响

柳觐 孔广红 倪书邦 贺熙勇 陶 丽 陈丽兰 张海文   

  • 收稿日期:2013-09-16 修回日期:2013-10-30 出版日期:2014-02-05 发布日期:2014-02-05
  • 基金资助:
    云南省重点新产品开发计划项目“澳洲坚果新品种（系）选育”(2009BB005)；云南省应用基础研究计划面上项目“澳洲坚果突变体新种质的创制”(2011FB140)；农业部热带作物种质资源保护项目“澳洲坚果种质资源保护”(13RZZY-14)；云南省热带作物科技创新体系建设专项资金课题“澳洲坚果品种选育与丰产栽培技术研究”(RF2013-6)。

The Effects of 60Co-γ Ray Irradiation on Germination of Macadamia Pollen

  • Received:2013-09-16 Revised:2013-10-30 Online:2014-02-05 Published:2014-02-05

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摘要： 为探明不同剂量60Co-γ射线对不同品种澳洲坚果花粉萌发的影响；采用不同剂量60Co-γ射线对澳洲坚果品种‘HAES900’和‘HAES951’的新鲜花粉进行辐照处理，并对辐照的后花粉活力和花粉管形态进行观测；经低剂量60Co-γ射线辐照后，‘HAES900’的花粉离体萌发率随着剂量的增加呈现出增高趋势，而‘HAES951’的萌发率呈现出先升高再降低的趋势，但差异均未达到显著水平；经高剂量60Co-γ射线辐照后，‘HAES900’的花粉离体萌发率随着剂量的增加先增高然后显著降低，而‘HAES951’的萌发率呈现出极显著的下降趋势；高剂量辐照后，同一处理内花粉管长度变异幅度增大，部分花粉管出现扭曲或顶端膨大等形态变异；‘HAES900’和‘HAES951’的致死剂量均为600 Gy，半致死剂量分别为480 Gy和360 Gy。本研究发现，低剂量辐照可促进澳洲坚果的花粉离体萌发，而高剂量的辐照则会抑制花粉萌发；‘HAES951’的花粉对60Co-γ射线辐照更为敏感。

关键词: 气相色谱-质谱联用技术, 气相色谱-质谱联用技术

Abstract: In order to explore the effects of 60Co-γ ray irradiation on the pollen germination of different macadamia cultivars, the fresh pollen of macadamia cultivar‘HAES900’and‘HAES951’were irradiated by 60Co-γ ray at different dose with the dose rate of 10 Gy/h, the pollen viability and morphology were observed. The results indicated that the in vitro pollen germination rate of‘HAES900’increased with dose increasing after low dose irradiation and the pollen germination rate of‘HAES951’increased firstly and then decreased. After irradiation at high dose, the in vitro pollen germination rate of‘HAES900’increased firstly and then significantly decreased, and‘HAES951’decreased significantly. The variation of pollen tube length in the same treatment was larger after irradiation of 60Co-γ ray at high dose; some pollen tubes appeared distorted or intumescent at the top. The lethal dose of both‘HAES900’and‘HAES951’were 600 Gy, but the LD50 of‘HAES900’and‘HAES951’was 480 Gy and 360 Gy respectively. The study found that irradiation of 60Co-γ ray at low dose could promote the macadamia pollen germination in vitro and at high dose could inhibit the pollen germination; the cultivar‘HAES951’was more sensitive to 60Co-γ ray irradiation.