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中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (17): 88-96.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-2902

所属专题: 现代农业发展与乡村振兴 油料作物

• 三农研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国大豆产业发展问题研究

祁旺定   

  • 收稿日期:2013-11-06 修回日期:2013-12-26 出版日期:2014-06-14 发布日期:2014-06-14

Research on China’s Soybean Industry Development

  • Received:2013-11-06 Revised:2013-12-26 Online:2014-06-14 Published:2014-06-14

摘要: 自由贸易下的中国大豆产业呈现全面萎缩态势,如何摆脱这种境遇进而获得发展是一个亟待解决的问题。文章从大豆市场供需、生产加工标准化以及农民组织化等方面分析了中国大豆产业发展过程中存在的问题,认为中国大豆产业萎缩的原因在于产业组织化程度低,缺乏统一的大豆质量安全标准、检测和认证体系,更在于分散的小农经营与农业现代化大生产的要求不匹配,从而导致国际竞争力低下,而国际贸易自由化只不过是则将这一问题凸显出来而已。同时,获得巨额补贴的进口大豆倾销中国也是一个重要原因。文章认为中国应当限制转基因大豆进口,将一些市场交易内部化,降低市场交易成本,从而降低农业现代化成本。

关键词: 鱼苗, 鱼苗

Abstract: Under the condition of free trade, China's soybean industry presented a trend of overall atrophy. How to get rid of this situation and realize advancement was a problem that must be solved immediately. The paper analyzed the development issues existed in the China's soybean industry from the aspects of the supply and demand of the soybean market,the standardization of production and processing, and farmers' systematization, etc. It concluded that the recession of China’s soybean industry resulted from the low degree of industrial organization, the lack of unified soybean quality and safety standards, testing and certification systems, and furthermore, the mismatch between scattered peasant economy and the requirements of the modernized agricultural mass production, leading to the low international competitiveness, whereas, the liberalization of international trade just highlighted the problem described above. Simultaneously, another important reason was the highly subsidized soybeans dumping to China. The paper deemed that Chinese government should restrict the imports of transgenic soybeans, internalize some market transactions, and reduce market transaction costs, so as to reduce the costs of agricultural modernization.