不同恢复时期马尾松次生林土壤养分与微生物的演变

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-0421

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 为了探讨牯牛降国家级自然保护区不同恢复时期（10年、20~30年、50年以上）马尾松次生林下土壤养分、微生物特征及其相互关系，采用稀释平板法和常规化学分析法进行测定。结果表明：（1）不同恢复时期马尾松次生林土壤铵态氮含量无显著差异(P＞0.05)，土壤有机碳、全氮、有效磷和硝态氮含量主要集中在0~20 cm土层内差异显著(P＜0.05)，但含量峰值点分布有所不同。（2）不同恢复时期马尾松次生林土壤微生物的总数量为：恢复50年以上＞20~30年＞10年，均呈显著差异(P＜0.05)。细菌是土壤微生物的主要类群，数量最多，为20.11×10⁴~521.11×10⁴ cfu/g，占全部微生物比例的50.25%~89.43%；放线菌次之，真菌数量最少。（3）恢复50年以上马尾松次生林土壤微生物量碳、氮、磷含量均显著高于其他恢复时期的(P＜0.05)。（4）相关分析表明，不同恢复时期马尾松次生林土壤微生物量碳、氮与土壤全氮、有效磷呈显著或极显著正相关，说明土壤全氮和有效磷是影响土壤微生物量的重要因素。

关键词: 致香物质, 致香物质

Abstract: In order to study the relationships between soil nutrients and microbe in secondary Pinus massoniana forests with different restoring periods (10 a, 20-30 a and more than 50 a) in Guniujiang National Nature Reserve. The method of plate count and conventional chemical were used for determination. The results showed that: (1) Soil NH4 +-N had no significant difference (P＞0.05) in secondary Pinus massoniana forests with different restoring periods, while the other nutrients were mainly concentrated at 0- 20 cm and significantly different (P＜0.05), but the peak point distribution was different. (2) The order of the total number of soil microbes in different restore periods were: more than 50 a＞20- 30 a＞10 a, showed a significant difference (P＜0.05). The bacterium number was 20.11×10⁴- 521.11×10⁴ cfu/g, accounted for 50.25%- 89.43% , the highest proportion of the total soil microbe, followed by actinomycete and fungus. (3) Soil microbial biomass carbon (MBC), nitrogen (MBN), phosphorus (MBP) contents were significantly higher in Pinus massoniana forests with restore more than 50 a than that in the other forests (P＜0.05). (4) The contents of MBC and MBN in Pinus massoniana forests with different restoring periods were significantly and positively correlated with the total nitrogen (TN) and available phosphorus (AP). This indicated that soil TN and AP were the important factors affecting soil microbial biomass.

葛萍达良俊蔡婷崔易翀王跃宏余方德. 不同恢复时期马尾松次生林土壤养分与微生物的演变[J]. 中国农学通报, 2014, 30(22): 22-27.

参考文献

[1] 宋永昌,陈小勇.中国东部常绿阔叶林生态系统退化机制与生态恢复[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[2] 丁圣彦,宋永昌.常绿阔叶林植被动态研究进展[J].生态学报,2004, 24(8):1669-1779.
[3] 李翠环,余树全,周国模.亚热带常绿阔叶林植被恢复研究进展[J].浙江林学院学报,2002,19(3):325-329.
[4] Odum E P. The strategy of ecosystem development[J].Science,1969, 164:262-270.
[5] Van B A H C, Semenov A M. In search of biological indicators for soil health and disease suppression[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2000, 15:13-24.
[6] Harris J A. Measurements of the soil microbial community for estimating the success of restoration[J].European Journal of Soil Science,2003,54:801-808.
[7] Devi N B, Yadava P S. Seasonal dynamics in soil microbial biomass C, N and P in a mixed-oak forest ecosystem of Manipur, North-east India[J].Applied Soil Ecology,2006,31:220-227.
[8] Jenkinson D S, Ladd J N. Microbial biomass in soil: Measurement and turnover[A].Paul E A, Ladd J N. Soil Biochemistry[M].Marcel New York: Deker Inc,1981:415-458.
[9] Yu S, Li Y, Wang J H. Study on soil microbial biomass as a bioindicator of soil quality in the red earth ecosystem[J].Acta Pedologica Sinica,1999,36:413-422.
[10] Schimel D, Melillo J, Tian H Q, et al. Contribution of increasing CO2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems in the United States[J].Science,2000,287:2004-2006.
[11] Alvarez C R, Alvarez R, Grigera M S, et al. Associations between organic matter fractions and the active soil microbial biomass[J]. Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1998,30:767-773.
[12] Wardle D A. A comparative assessment of factors which influence microbial biomass carbon and nitrogen levels in soil[J].Biological Reviews,1992,67:321-358.
[13] 刘占锋,刘国华,傅伯杰,等.人工油松林恢复过程中土壤微生物生物量 C、 N的变化特征[J].生态学报,2007,27(3):1011-1018.
[14] 杨刚,何寻阳,王克林,等.不同植被类型对土壤微生物量碳氮及土壤呼吸的影响[J].土壤通报,2008,39(1):189-191.
[15] 倪味咏.牯牛降保护区生物多样性的开发利用及保护对策[J].安徽林业科技,2011,37(5):50-53.
[16] 顾也萍,刘必融,汪根法,等.皖南山地土壤系统分类研究[J].土壤学报,2003,40(1):10-21.
[17] Zou X M, Ruan H H, Fu Y, et al. Estimating soil labile organic carbon and potential turnover rates using a sequential fumigationincubation procedure[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,2005,37: 1923-1928.
[18] Brookes P C, Powlson D S, Jenkinson D S. Phosphorus in the soil microbial biomass[J].Soil Biology and Biochemistry,1984,16(2): 169-175.
[19] 鲍士旦.土壤农化分析（第 3版） [M].北京:中国农业出版社,2000.
[20] 刘光崧.土壤理化分析与剖面描述[M].北京:中国标准出版社, 1997.
[21] 时伟伟,彭晚霞,宋同清,等.不同林龄尾巨桉人工林土壤养分与微生物的耦合关系[J].西北植物学报,2013,33(7):1452-1458.
[22] 葛萍,尹维彬,王雷,等.合肥蜀山森林公园马尾松林松材线虫病危害后土壤溶解性有机碳氮与养分的变化[J].安徽农业大学学报, 2011,38(4):511-516.
[23] Fisher R F, Binkley D. Ecology and management of forest soils[M]. 3rd ed. New York: John Wiley and Sons,2000:282-284.
[24] 林德喜,樊后保,苏兵强,等.马尾松林下套种阔叶树土壤理化性质的研究[J].土壤学报,2004,41(4):655-659.
[25] 漆良华,张旭东,周金星,等.湘西北小流域不同植被恢复区土壤微生物数量、生物量碳氮及其分形特征[J].林业科学,2009,45(8):14- 20.
[26] 贾国梅,王春燕,曹靖,等.子午岭次生林恢复演替中土壤微生物量的变化动态[J].兰州大学学报,2007,43(1):80-83.
[27] 赵先丽,程海涛,吕国红,等.土壤微生物生物量研究进展[J].气象与环境学报,2006,22(4):68-72.
[28] Anderson T H. Microbial eco-physiological indicators to assess soil quality[J].Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment,2003,98:285- 293.
[29] 何友军,王清奎,汪思龙,等.杉木人工林土壤微生物生物量碳氮特征及其与土壤养分的关系[J].应用生态学报,2006,17(12):2292- 2296.
[30] 多炜帆,王光军,闫文德,等.亚热带 3种森林类型土壤微生物碳、氮生物量特征比较[J].中国农学通报,2012,28(13):14-19.
[31] 张明,白震,张威,等.长期施肥农田黑土微生物量碳、氮季节性变化[J].生态环境,2007,16(5):1498-1503.