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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (36): 216-221.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1644

所属专题： 生物技术； 马铃薯

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同施肥处理对木薯园土壤养分、酶活性及木薯生长的影响

李静,李志阳,陈秀龙,马帅鹏,杨之曦,覃新导   

  1. 中国热带农业科学院广州实验站,,中国热带农业科学院广州实验站,中国热带农业科学院广州实验站,南京农业大学农学院 农学73班,中国热带农业科学院广州实验站
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-11 修回日期:2014-06-11 接受日期:2014-09-30 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 李静
  • 基金资助:
    现代农业产业技术体系建设专项资金“国家木薯产业技术体系广州综合试验站”(CARS-12)；海南省自然科学基金资助项目“不同管理水平下木薯新品种（华南7 号、8 号）的抗逆性研究”(311061)。

Effect of Fertilization on Soil Nutrition, Enzyme Activities and Plant Growth of Cassava Field

  • Received:2014-06-11 Revised:2014-06-11 Accepted:2014-09-30 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要： 为了探讨施肥水平和肥料配比方式对木薯土壤养分、酶活性以及木薯生长的影响，采用大田试验，以木薯新品种华南7号为试验品种，设置不同的施肥水平和肥料配比方式，比较分析木薯园土壤养分、酶活性大小及木薯生长性状。结果表明：施肥会促进土壤酸化，降低土壤pH值，施肥量越多，土壤酸化越严重。有机肥和复合肥混施加重土壤酸化程度，增加土壤有机质含量最高；D处理（有机肥350kg/亩）土壤碱解氮、有效磷和速效钾含量最高，其中有效磷和速效钾都显著高于A处理（不施肥CK）；施肥会整体增加土壤脲酶、酸性磷酸酶和过氧化氢酶活性，其中D处理在提高土壤酶活性上起到最显著的作用；E肥（有机肥150 kg/亩+复合肥33 kg/亩混施）对植物生长的促进作用比单施有机肥明显。因此，选择将有机肥与复合肥合理配施，既能保持地力，又能促进木薯生长以进一步达到高产。

关键词: 额济纳绿洲, 额济纳绿洲

Abstract: A very important way to increase cassava production is to optimize the amount and proportion of fertilizer. The field experiment was designed using new cassava varieties‘SC7’to explore the effect of fertilization on soil nutrition, soil enzyme activity and plant growth. Results showed that fertilization could promote soil acidification and increase soil pH. The more fertilization applied, the more severe acidification could occur. It could reach the highest value of acidification and soil organic material when organic and compound fertilizer was mixed. Soil nitrogen, phosphorus content and potassium in D fertilizer treatment was the highest, in particular, phosphorus content and potassium was apparently higher than A fertilizer treatment (CK). Fertilization can increased soil urease, phosphatase activity and catalase activity overall, in particular, D fertilizer treatment played more significant role in improving the soil enzyme activity. More organic fertilizer played more effective role in improving soil fertilizer and increasing soil enzyme activities. E fertilizer promoted the plant growth more effective than the application of single organic fertilizer. Then, selection of organic and compound fertilizer can both keep the soil fertility and promote the growth of cassava to achieve high yield.