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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (7): 212-217.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14120054

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

植物根际土壤细菌的分离与鉴定

周阳薇,刘正坪,魏艳敏,尚巧霞,赵晓燕   

  1. 北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京农学院植物科学技术学院,北京农学院植物科学技术学院
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-08 修回日期:2015-01-22 接受日期:2015-01-23 出版日期:2015-04-03 发布日期:2015-04-03
  • 通讯作者: 赵晓燕
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金青年(31201559); 北京市优秀人才培养资助项目(2013D005021000004); 北京农学院科技创新团队科研能力提升工程项目(KCT2014006)；北京农学院研究生改革与发展项目资助(2014YJS004,2014YJS005)

Isolation and identification of bacteria in the plant rhizosphere soil

  • Received:2014-12-08 Revised:2015-01-22 Accepted:2015-01-23 Online:2015-04-03 Published:2015-04-03

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摘要： 为了揭示不同植物根际土壤细菌的群落结构和多样性，以期为更好地利用植物根际土壤细菌奠定基础。笔者采用稀释分离法，对12种不同植物的根际土壤细菌进行了分离，并采用16SrDNA序列测定与系统发育分析法初步确定了细菌的分类地位。结果表明，不同种类植物的根际土壤中，可培养细菌的多样性不同，重茬地和多年生植物的根际土壤中细菌的种类和数量较多；12种植物的根际土壤中共分离得到芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、短杆菌属(Brevibacterium)、节杆菌属(Arthrobacter)、沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)、类芽孢杆菌属(Paenibacillus)、不动杆菌属(Acinetobacter)和Massilia等8个属的137株细菌，其中，芽孢杆菌属为优势属，占81.0%。芽孢杆菌属内占主要比例的有：B.megaterium、B.aryabhattai、B.subtilis、B.amyloliquefaciens等种，其中B.subtilis，B.amyloliquefaciens等细菌种类据文献报道为有益微生物，可以在今后的研究中进行开发和利用。植物根际土壤中的可培养细菌种类丰富多样，有望成为有益微生物资源库进行开发利用。

关键词: 温敏核不育水稻, 温敏核不育水稻, 长穗颈, 灌浆期, 籽粒生理特性

Abstract: This study aimed to reveal the community structure and diversity of bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of different plants, and lay the foundation for better utilization of the bacteria in the rhizosphere soil. The bacteria in the rhizosphere soil of 12 kinds of plants were isolated by dilution method. Based on 16S rDNA sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis, the taxonomic positions of the bacteria were preliminary determined. The results showed that the diversity of culturable bacteria was different in the rhizosphere soil of different plants. The quantity and species of the bacteria were richer in continuous cropping soil and perennial plant rhizosphere soil. 137 bacteria were isolated from rhizosphere soil of 12 kinds of plants and classified into 8 genusis, including Bacillus, Pseudomonas, Brevibacterium, Arthrobacter, Serratia, Paenibacillus, Acinetobacter, and Massilia. The dominant genus was Bacillus, accounting for 81.0% , among which, B. megaterium, B. aryabhattai, B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens accounted for the major proportion. Bacteria species like B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens were reported as profitable soil microorganism, could be developed and utilized in future research, culturable bacteria in plant rhizosphere soil were various and rich in species, and were expected to become a beneficial microorganism pool for future use.