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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (9): 224-230.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb14120093

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

保护性耕作对潮土碳、氮含量的影响

陈文超,徐 生,朱安宁,马宏卫,何建桥,刘健明   

  1. 南京市耕地质量保护站,南京市耕地质量保护站,中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京市耕地质量保护站,南京市耕地质量保护站,南京市耕地质量保护站
  • 收稿日期:2014-12-15 修回日期:2014-12-30 接受日期:2015-01-26 出版日期:2015-04-07 发布日期:2015-04-07
  • 通讯作者: 徐 生
  • 基金资助:
    中国科学院知识创新重要方向项目(河南封丘高产高效现代农业示范工程－大面积均衡增产技术，KSCX2-EW-N-08)

Effects of Conservation Tillage on the Content of Carbon, Nitrogen in Fluvo-aquic Soil

  • Received:2014-12-15 Revised:2014-12-30 Accepted:2015-01-26 Online:2015-04-07 Published:2015-04-07

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摘要： 为了探明保护性耕作条件下有机碳循环与农田地力提升机制，为保护性耕作技术的推广应用提供科学理论支撑，笔者以保护性耕作长期试验地为平台，研究不同耕作处理对总有机碳、全氮及其不同组分在潮土中含量的影响。笔者通过研究不同耕作处理下土壤总有机碳、全氮、溶解性有机碳、溶解性有机氮、微生物量碳、易氧化有机碳在不同土层深度中的分布情况，揭示保护性耕作措施对潮土碳、氮含量的影响。结果表明：相比于常规翻耕，2年或4年翻耕1次的间歇性翻耕和全免耕处理0~5cm土层土壤总有机碳含量分别提高了2.40%、2.80%、16.00%，全氮含量分别提高了-1.23%、1.32%、11.11%，免耕处理下10~20cm土层中总有机碳、全氮含量显著低于其它处理；秸秆还田条件下，实施间歇性翻耕和免耕能显著提升0~5cm、5~10cm土层中土壤溶解性有机碳、氮含量；相比于常规翻耕，间歇性翻耕、免耕处理下0~5cm土层土壤微生物量碳与易氧化有机碳含量均有不同程度地升高，免耕处理下10~20cm土层中微生物量碳含量显著低于其它处理；秸秆还田对0~10cm土层土壤总有机碳、全氮、溶解性有机氮及其它活性有机碳组分含量均有不同程度的提升作用。总体来看，保护性耕作措施有利于表层0~5cm土层中碳、氮储量的增加，免耕条件下“养分表聚”的负面效应可通过间歇性翻耕得到改善。

关键词: 种质资源评价, 种质资源评价

Abstract: The paper aims to verify organic carbon cycle under conservation tillage condition and the promotion mechanism of soil fertility, and offer scientific theory support for the popularization and application of conservation tillage techniques. The author investigated effects of different tillage treatments on the content of total organic carbon, total nitrogen and different components of them in fluvo-aquic soil based on a longterm experiment site of conservation tillage. The author revealed effects of conservation tillage on the content of carbon, nitrogen in fluvo-aquic soil by studying the distribution of soil total organic carbon, total nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon, dissolved organic nitrogen, microbial biomass carbon, liable carbon in different soil depth under different tillage treatments. The research results showed that: compared to conventional tillage treatment, content of soil total organic carbon under intermittent tillage (tillage once every 2 or 4 years) and notillage treatment were improved by 2.40%、 2.80% and 16.00%, respectively, and content of soil total nitrogen were improved by - 1.23%, 1.32% and 11.11%, respectively. Content of soil total organic carbon and total nitrogen in 10-20 cm soil layer under no-tillage treatment were significantly lower than that under the other treatments. Under the condition of straw returned, intermittent tillage and no- tillage could significantly improve the content of soil dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen in 0-5 cm and 5-10 cm soil. Compared to conventional tillage treatment, content of soil microbial biomass carbon and liable carbon in 0-5 cm soil under intermittent tillage and no-tillage were improved in varying degrees. Content of soil microbial biomass carbon in 10-20 cm soil layer under no-tillage treatment was significantly lower than that under the other treatments. Straw returning had improved the content of soil total organic carbon, total nitrogen, dissolved organic carbon and other components of active organic carbon in varying degrees. In general, conservation tillage measures could increase carbon and nitrogen storage in 0-5 cm soil layer, the negative effects of“nutrients enrichment in surface”under no-tillage condition could be ameliorated by intermittent tillage.