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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (22): 7-12.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb16090017

所属专题： 玉米

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同改良剂处理对玉米生长和吸收Cd 影响研究

杜彩艳   

  1. 云南省农科院农业环境资源研究所
  • 收稿日期:2016-09-04 修回日期:2016-10-18 接受日期:2016-10-25 出版日期:2017-08-21 发布日期:2017-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 杜彩艳
  • 基金资助:
    中科院国际合作项目“矿业密集流域重金属风险预警与土壤修复”(GJHZ201308)。

Effects of Different Amendments on Growth and Cadmium Uptake in Zea mays

  • Received:2016-09-04 Revised:2016-10-18 Accepted:2016-10-25 Online:2017-08-21 Published:2017-08-21

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摘要： 选取生物炭(SWT)、硅藻土(GZT)、沸石粉(FSF)和石灰粉(SHF)4 种改良剂开展田间试验，研究它们对玉米(Zea mays)生长发育、玉米籽粒吸收镉(Cd)与土壤有效态Cd 的影响。结果表明，除SHF 处理外，添加SWT、GZT、FSF 3 种改良剂均能促进玉米株高、叶面积与生物量的增加，显著提高玉米产量。4种改良剂可升高土壤的pH值，较对照分别升高了1.44、1.36、1.46 和1.55 单位。除SHF处理外，添加其他3 种改良剂都能提高土壤有机质含量，其中SWT处理提高土壤有机质的效果最显著(P＜0.05)，较对照CK提高了22.19%。添加4 种改良剂导致土壤有效态Cd降低30.92%~41.27%，其中SWT处理降低效果最明显，硅藻土处理次之；4 种改良剂均能降低玉米籽粒对Cd的吸收，其中SWT处理降低玉米籽粒中Cd含量最明显，较对照降低85.90%。本试验结果表明，在原位钝化修复镉污染农田土壤时，SWT的添加效果最佳。

关键词: 荚蒾种子, 荚蒾种子, 浸提液, 脂溶性抑制物, 水溶性抑制物

Abstract: Field experiments were conducted to investigate biochar (SWT), diatomite(GZT), zeolite(FSF) and lime(SHF). Their effects on maize growth and cadmium (Cd) uptake by maize kernels and the Cd availability in soil were studied. The results showed that, except SHF, SWT, GZT and FSF could improve maize plant height, leaf area and biomass. The yield of maize was also significantly increased. All four amendments increased soil pH values. Compared to the control treatment, SWT, GZT, FSF and SHF increased soil pH values by 1.44, 1.36, 1.46 and 1.55 respectively. Except SHF, three amendments could improve soil OM. Meanwhile, compared to the control treatment, the application of SWT reduced soil OM by 22.19% and adding different amendments led to a decrease of available Cd content in soil by 30.92%-41.27%. Among them, SWT was the most available treatment to decrease the available content of Cd in soil. GZT was ranked to be the second. At the same time, all four amendments could reduce Cd uptake by maize kernels. Compared to the control treatment, the application of SWT reduced the concentration of Cd in maize kernels by 85.90 %. Our results in this study demonstrated that applying SWT amendments was the best functional amendments for the remediation of heavy metal soil of Cd.