Abstract: The paper aims to explore the effects of agricultural management practices such as seeding and tillage on seedling of main gramineous weeds in wheat field. The seed of field state, morphological characteristics and the seedling emergence ofLolium multiflorum ,Aegilops tauschii ,Avena fatua ,Alopecurus japonicus ,Phleum paniculatum from different soil depth were studied in the wheat field of Xi’an. The results showed that the condition of wheat mechanical sowing depth (4-5 cm) had no effect on the seedling emergence of the five weeds. The seedling germination time was the earliest under the condition of broadcast sowing depth from 0-1 cm, however the emergence rate was low due to low soil moisture. Seedling emergence was the latest under rotary tillage condition with the sowing depth from 10-15 cm, which had no effect onL. multiflorum ,A. tauschii , A. fatua , but had great effect on A. japonicus and P. paniculatum , especially for P. paniculatum individuals with small size and light weight. The seedling emergence of the five weeds was inhibited under the deep plough planting with the depth of 30-35 cm.