Abstract: The objective is to examine the effect of meteorological condition on the best picking period of Camellia oleifera. Variety‘Changlin 40’and‘Ganxing 48’are selected as materials, five picking period treatments are set. Main meteorological factors (i.e. accumulated temperature and special weather) are combined to study the oil content of varieties under different picking periods in different regions. Results showed that with fruit maturing, oil content of both dry kernel and fresh fruit of‘Ganxing 48’first increased then decreased, the oil content of dry kernel of‘Changlin 40’increased straightly, while oil content of fresh fruit first increased then decreased. The oil content of dry kernel of‘Changlin 40’reached the maximum level on October 28 and that of‘Ganxing 48’reached the maximum on October 23. The oil content of fresh fruit of both the two varieties was the maximum on October 23. The oil content of dry kernel increased along with the accumulated temperature. The accumulated crude fat was significantly decreased by freezing and the lowtemperature with continuous rainy weather. In general, the best time for picking C. oleifera should be 2 days before or after the Frost’s Descent when it is sunny.