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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (9): 24-28.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17110052

所属专题: 水稻 园艺

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

秸秆还田对豆-稻-菜循环耕作模式下作物产量和土壤肥力的影响

刘晓霞   

  1. 浙江省农业技术推广中心
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-14 修回日期:2017-12-29 接受日期:2018-01-16 出版日期:2018-03-21 发布日期:2018-03-21
  • 通讯作者: 刘晓霞
  • 基金资助:
    2016 年浙江省“三农六方”科技协作项目[CTZB-F150922AWZ-SNY1(2)]。

Straw Returning Affects Crop Yield and Soil Fertility in Bean-rice-vegetable Cropping System

  • Received:2017-11-14 Revised:2017-12-29 Accepted:2018-01-16 Online:2018-03-21 Published:2018-03-21

摘要: 豆-稻-菜循环耕作模式是中国南方地区最重要的轮作模式之一,但秸秆还田对该耕作制度下作物产量和土壤肥力的影响尚不明确。通过连续7年的田间定位试验(2009—2015年),研究秸秆还田对豆-稻-菜循环耕作模式下作物产量和土壤养分状况的影响。结果表明:秸秆还田对浙江省豆-稻-菜轮作模式下作物产量的影响显著:与单施化肥相比,秸秆还田有效提高了水稻和小萝卜的产量,且水稻和小萝卜年均增产10%以上;此外,秸秆还田对豆-稻-菜循环种植区域土壤肥力也有较大影响:提高了土壤有机质、全氮、有效磷、速效钾含量和土壤pH值,此外,秸秆还田区域土壤全氮、有效磷和速效钾含量呈逐年增加趋势。由此可见,多熟制耕作制度下秸秆还田仍具有作物增产和土壤培肥作用,可作为耕地质量提升的有效手段长期实施。

Abstract: Bean-rice-vegetable cropping system plays an important part in Southern China, but the effect of straw returnuing on crops yield and soil fertility under which is unknown. A long-term field experiment was conducted for seven years (2009—2015) to investigate the effects of rice straw returning on soil fertility and crop yield in bean-rice-vegetable continuous cropping system on rice soil of Zhejiang province. The results showed that straw returning has a great effect on crop yield, rice and vegetable yield increased more than 10% every year compared with chemical fertilizer. Straw returning also had a great effect on soil fertility: improved soil organic matter, total nitrogen and available phosphorus and available potassium contents, and also soil pH. In addition, total nitrogen and available phosphorus and available potassium contents under straw returning area increased gradually every year. In conclusion, straw returning can improve crops yield and soil fertility in multiple cropping area and can be used for for a long time in agricultural practice.