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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (21): 14-22.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17110061

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

大豆多四粒荚创新种质汾豆96选育及理想模型构建

史宏   

  1. 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所
  • 收稿日期:2017-11-16 修回日期:2018-07-09 接受日期:2018-01-16 出版日期:2018-07-26 发布日期:2018-07-26
  • 通讯作者: 史宏
  • 基金资助:
    山西省科技攻关项目“大豆多四粒荚种质创新及理想模型构建”(20150311005)；院攻关项目“适应大豆机械化收获配套栽培技术研究” (YGG17044)；农业部“国家现代农业产业技术体系汾阳大豆综合试验”(CARS-04-CES15)；农业部“国家现代农业产业技术体系”(CARS-04-CES15)。

Breeding of New Soybean Variety‘Fendou 96’with More Four-seed Pods and Ideal Model Construction

  • Received:2017-11-16 Revised:2018-07-09 Accepted:2018-01-16 Online:2018-07-26 Published:2018-07-26

摘要： 旨在选育多四粒荚大豆品种，构建理想模型，为大豆高产超高产育种探索新途径。用spss 18 分析‘汾豆96’生理生态特性，以椭圆叶形多四粒荚‘汾豆96’为主，结合34 份披针叶形四粒荚材料，对其10 项产量相关的农艺性状用逐步回归法构建理想模型。‘汾豆96’群体内四粒荚单株的存在率达85%以上，单株四粒荚最高达49 个，占总荚数的30.25%，‘汾豆96’产量随四粒荚数的增加总体呈增加趋势。当R2=0.939 时，模型拟合最优：Y=-87.583+0.415X1-5.155X2+10.094X3+13.459X4。回归方程表明多四粒荚创新材料产量与生物产量(X1)、株高(X2)、百粒重(X3)和主茎节数(X4)呈显著线性回归关系。提升每荚粒数和选育多四粒荚品种，是高产超高产育种产量突破的新途径。大豆品种具备的理想模型是抗倒伏、多荚粒、适合机械化收获的短节间密荚类型。

Abstract: To breed more four-seed pods varieties, construct the ideal model, and explore new ways for highyield breeding and super-high-yield breeding, the physiological and ecological characteristics of‘Fendou 96’ are analyzed by spss18. The variety‘Fendou 96’with elliptic leaves and more four- seed pods and 34 accessions with lanceolate leaves and four-seed pods were used as materials. The ideal model was constructed by stepwise regression method for 10 yield-related agronomic traits. The results showed that plants with fourseed pods were more than 85% in‘Fendou 96’population, and the maximum number of four-seed pods per plant was 49, accounting for 30.25% of the total pods. The yield of‘Fendou 96’increased with the increasing number of four-seed pods. WhenR 2=0.939, the model fitting was the best:Y =-87.583+0.415X 1-5.155X 2 + 10.094X 3+13.459X 4. The regression equation showed that there was a significant linear regression relationship between yield and biomass (X 1), plant height (X 2), 100-grain weight (X 3) and the number of main stem nodes (X 4). To improve the number of grains per pod and breed varieties with more four-seed pods is a new way for high-yield variety breeding. The ideal model of soybean varieties is the short internode dense pod type with lodging resistance, multi-seed pod, and suitable for mechanized harvesting.