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中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (22): 1-9.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18030020

所属专题: 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 •    下一篇

河南沿黄稻区直播稻与常规优质稻稻米品质比较分析

宋宁垣,郭凯,赵全志,孙红正   

  1. 河南农业大学农学院,河南农业大学农学院,河南农业大学农学院,河南农业大学农学院
  • 收稿日期:2018-03-05 修回日期:2018-07-23 接受日期:2018-05-25 出版日期:2018-08-07 发布日期:2018-08-07
  • 通讯作者: 孙红正
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“水稻生产系统对气候变化的响应机制及其适应性栽培途径”(2017YFD0300100)。

Direct Sowing Rice and Conventional High Quality Rice in Henan Alongside the Yellow River: Grain Quality Comparative Analysis

  • Received:2018-03-05 Revised:2018-07-23 Accepted:2018-05-25 Online:2018-08-07 Published:2018-08-07

摘要: 河南沿黄稻区是我国优质粳米生产基地,随着水稻简化耕作栽培方式的发展,直播稻因其简单易行的优点而具有广阔的推广前景。[目的]为研究沿黄稻区直播稻稻米品质与常规插秧稻米品质的差异,[方法]本研究选取6个直播水稻品种和8个插秧水稻品种以及7种优质商品稻米,对其加工品质、外观品质、食味品质以及营养品质性状进行系统比较。[结果]结果表明:整体上,直播稻的精米率高于插秧稻,垩白粒率和垩白度、直链淀粉含量、以及食味值低于插秧稻,高于商品稻米;蛋白质含量高于插秧稻,低于商品稻米;除此之外,相对于插秧稻和商品稻米,直播稻品种的崩解值最大,消减值最小;缬氨酸和胱氨酸含量最高,蛋氨酸含量最低,其余氨基酸含量均低于插秧稻品质,高于商品稻米。[结论]综合所有品质性状指标发现,在选取的6个直播稻品种中,新稻568、郑稻201和新稻567在河南沿黄地区直播条件下的稻米加工品质、外观品质、食味品质以及营养品质都与常规栽培的优质稻米相当,因此可以通过品种选择在保障产量与品质的前提下通过直播简化水稻栽培过程。

关键词: EC集合预报, EC集合预报, 集合平均法, 择优法, TS评分

Abstract: To study the difference of grain quality between direct sowing rice and conventional transplanting rice alongside the Yellow River rice cultivation area, we selected 6 direct sowing rice varieties, 8 transplanting rice varieties and 7 high quality commercial rice varieties to compare their milling quality, appearance quality, eating quality and nutritional quality. The results showed that: compared with transplanting rice and commercial rice, the milled rice rate of direct sowing rice was higher than that of transplanting rice, while the chalky grain percentage and chalkiness degree, amylose content, food taste value of direct sowing rice was lower than that of transplanting rice, but higher than that of commercial rice; and the protein content of direct sowing rice was higher than that of transplanting rice, but lower than that of commercial rice; in addition, the direct sowing rice varieties had higher breakdown viscosity, smaller setback viscosity, higher valine and cystine content, lower methionine content, and the other amino acid contents were all lower than those of transplanting rice varieties, but higher than those of the commercial rice. Combined with all the quality traits, it is found that among the 6 direct sowing rice varieties, the processing quality, appearance quality, eating quality and nutritional quality of‘Xindao 568’,‘Zhengdao 201’ and ‘Xindao 567’are comparative to those of conventional high-quality rice. Therefore, it is possible to simplify the rice cultivation by direct sowing with ensuring yield and quality through variety selection.