水产养殖常规管理活动对农药氰戊菊酯及其顺反异构体消除规律影响的研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18060066

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (35): 143-150.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18060066

所属专题：植物保护；水产渔业

水产养殖常规管理活动对农药氰戊菊酯及其顺反异构体消除规律影响的研究

张敬卫,宋超,张聪,张石云,汪倩,陈家长

南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,南京农业大学无锡渔业学院,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心,中国水产科学研究院淡水渔业研究中心

收稿日期:2018-06-14 修回日期:2018-11-20 接受日期:2018-07-17 出版日期:2018-12-16 发布日期:2018-12-16
通讯作者: 陈家长
基金资助:
：中国水产科学研究院院级基本科研业务费专项“几种重金属、农药对主要甲壳类水产品的危害分析及防控技术研究”(2018HY-ZD0605)；公益性行业（农业）科研专项“晋陕豫鲁地区典型化学物污染淡水水产品质量安全综合防治技术方案”(201503108)；农业部财政项目“水产品质量安全风险评估”(GJFP2018009)。

Effects of Routine Aquaculture Management on Elimination Rule of Fenvalerate and Its Cis-trans Isomers

Received:2018-06-14 Revised:2018-11-20 Accepted:2018-07-17 Online:2018-12-16 Published:2018-12-16

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 作为对水生生物高毒的杀虫剂,氰戊菊酯(Fenvalerate,FV)在水产养殖环境中的残留将会危及到养殖生物的安全。本研究选用过碳酸钠和次氯酸钠作为添加药物,探究了水产养殖常规管理活动中的药品添加对FV消除规律的影响,并借助气象色谱仪的检测结果分析了在两种药物的不同添加水平条件下FV的消除规律。研究结果发现,30 mg/L过碳酸钠和40 mg/L次氯酸钠的添加对FV及其顺反异构体(反式异构体FV1和顺式异构体FV2)的消除产生显著效果,FV消除半衰期范围为2.87 d～10.85 d,FV1的半衰期为2.88 d～12.55 d,FV2的半衰期为2.83 d～9.56 d。通过相应指标均值分布及相关性分析发现,FV的消除加快与高浓度的过碳酸钠和次氯酸钠对水体pH的影响有关。过碳酸钠主要通过提高水体pH和自身的氧化作用来消除水体中残留的FV,次氯酸钠在养殖水体中主要通过提高水体pH水解环境中的FV。在实际生产中,可以利用高浓度的过碳酸钠和次氯酸钠消除养殖水体中FV的残留,但是需要根据养殖对象及水体环境条件确定合适的添加水平。在FV消除规律方面,两类药物的添加并没有对FV顺反异构体的消除带来显著差异,FV顺反异构体消除差异的影响因素有待进一步明确。本研究明确了水产养殖常规管理活动对FV消除的促进作用,为养殖环境中FV的安全使用和残留消除提供理论指导。

关键词: 核糖体工程, 核糖体工程, 高通量筛选, 卡吾尔链霉菌, 利福平

Abstract: Fenvalerate (FV), as a highly toxic pesticide for aquatic organisms, will endanger the safety of cultured organisms in the aquaculture environment. In this study, sodium percarbonate and sodium hypochlorite were selected as added drugs, and the effects of added drugs on the elimination rule of FV in aquaculture routine management activities were explored. The detection results of the gas chromatograph were used to analyze the elimination rule of FV under the condition of different addition levels of the two drugs. The results showed that the addition of 30 mg/L sodium percarbonate and 40 mg/L sodium hypochlorite had a significant effect on the elimination of FV and its cis-trans isomers (trans isomer FV1 and cis-isomer FV2), and the half-life of FV elimination ranged from 2.87 to 10.85 d, the FV1 were 2.88 d ~ 12.55 d, the FV2 were 2.83 d ~ 9.56 d. Through the mean distribution of the corresponding indicators and correlation analysis, it was found that the elimination of FV is related to the impact of high concentrations of sodium percarbonate and sodium hypochlorite on the pH of the water. Sodium percarbonate mainly eliminates the residual FV in water by increasing the pH of the water and its own oxidation. Sodium hypochlorite is mainly used to hydrolyze FV in aquaculture water by increasing the pH of the water. In actual production, high concentrations of sodium percarbonate and sodium hypochlorite can be used to eliminate residues of FV in the aquaculture water, but the appropriate level of addition should be determined according to the culture object and the environmental conditions of the water body. In terms of the elimination of FV, the addition of the two types of drugs did not bring about a significant difference in the elimination of the cis-trans isomers of FV, and the factors influencing the elimination of the cis-trans isomers of FV remained to be further clarified. This study clarified the promotion of routine management activities of aquaculture on the elimination of FV and provided theoretical guidance for the safe use and elimination of FV in aquaculture environment.

张敬卫,宋超,张聪,张石云,汪倩,陈家长. 水产养殖常规管理活动对农药氰戊菊酯及其顺反异构体消除规律影响的研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2018, 34(35): 143-150.

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水产养殖常规管理活动对农药氰戊菊酯及其顺反异构体消除规律影响的研究

Effects of Routine Aquaculture Management on Elimination Rule of Fenvalerate and Its Cis-trans Isomers

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