遮阴对小麦生理和品质特性影响的研究进展

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080054

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 小麦是我国重要粮食作物之一,随着我国林下经济的迅速发展和气候变化造成太阳总辐射量的下降,筛选出合适的耐阴小麦品种和建立健全林下种植小麦的配套栽培技术成为当务之急。笔者总结了遮阴对小麦生理特性和籽粒品质影响的研究进展,讨论了适合遮阴条件种植的小麦品种应具有的生理特征和采取的栽培措施,指出遮阴处理后优选小麦叶片能维持较高的实际光化学效率(ΦPSⅡ)和抗氧化酶活性(清除O₂_?和OH.活性氧自由基)等生理特征,以及灌浆速度快的小麦品种,施以垄作和合理氮肥运筹可以获取良好的经济效益。最后展望了小麦良种良法配套在林木、果树和小麦复合种植系统中的应用前景。

关键词: 大气污染, 大气污染, 气象要素相关性, 北碚

Abstract: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is one of the most important crops in China. With the rapid development of under-growth economy and the downward trend of sunlight radiation duration due to climate change, it is important to select wheat variety with shading tolerance and establish effective cultivation techniques for under-growth wheat. The author introduced the progress on the physiological characteristics and grain quality of wheat by shading,and discussed the wheat varieties suitable for shading should have some physiological characteristics and correspongding cultivation measures. It is pointed out that the leaf of wheat with high actual photochemical efficiency(ΦPSⅡ)and high antioxidant enzyme activities for scavengingSSoxygenSspecies (O_2?and OH?) and the faster grain filling rate and so on should been optimallySchoosen in the shading treatment. At the same time, ridge planting and rational nitrogen application can achieve good economic benefits. Finally, the application prospect of the improved wheat variety matching method in the agroforersty systems is prospected.

高振贤,班进福,曹巧,单子龙,赵彦坤,田国英,史占良,常旭虹. 遮阴对小麦生理和品质特性影响的研究进展[J]. 中国农学通报, 2019, 35(35): 11-15.

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