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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (7): 105-111.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18110060

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

重庆地区一次冬季强降温过程诊断分析

董丹丹1, 张建平2, 陈权亮3, 邓霞1   

  1. 1 重庆市永川区气象局,重庆 402160
    2 重庆市气象科学研究所,重庆 401147
    3 成都信息工程大学大气科学学院,成都 610041
  • 收稿日期:2018-11-16 修回日期:2019-01-18 出版日期:2020-03-05 发布日期:2020-03-02
  • 作者简介:董丹丹,女,重庆大足人,助理工程师,硕士,主要从事天气预报业务研究。通信地址：402160 重庆市永川区官井路178号 重庆市永川区气象局,Tel：023-49810011,E-mail：429069020@qq.com。
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点基础研究发展计划课题“气候变暖背景下我国南方旱涝灾害对水资源与农业的影响”(2013CB430205);中国气象局省所科技创新项目“重庆丘陵山地精细化农业气象服务关键技术研究”;重庆市气象部门青年基金项目“重庆市永川区大风天气特征分析及预报方法探究”(QNJJ-201918)

Diagnostic Analysis of a Strong Winter Cooling Process in Chongqing

Dong Dandan1, Zhang Jianping2, Chen Quanliang3, Deng Xia1   

  1. 1 Yongchuan Meteorological Bureau, Chongqing 402160
    2 Chongqing Institute of Meteorological Sciences, Chongqing 401147
    3 Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, CUIT, Chengdu 610041
  • Received:2018-11-16 Revised:2019-01-18 Online:2020-03-05 Published:2020-03-02

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摘要：

为更全面地认识重庆地区冬季强降温发生机制,利用常规地面观测资料、探空资料及数值模式资料,采用天气动力学诊断方法,对重庆地区2018年1月22—29日强降温天气过程的天气系统演变特征、动力结构特征及水汽条件进行分析。结果表明：（1）1月22—29日冷空气由东北路径侵入重庆地区,72 h内日平均温度普遍下降6℃及以上,东北部地区由于先受冷空气影响且海拔普遍偏高,较西部地区先出现大范围降温且最低温度普遍低于西部地区,出现雨雪天气;西部地区在高、低空急流及川东低涡切变线的动力作用下,配合充足的水汽条件较东部地区先出现大范围降雨,东北路冷空气回流至西部地区,并持续低温阴雨天气。（2）贝加尔湖以西的低压系统、冷中心及东北冷涡、高低空急流、中低层低涡切变线是预报重庆地区此次强降温伴随雨（雪）天气的出现时间及影响区域的重要预报着眼点。

关键词: 重庆地区, 强降温, 天气系统, 动力结构

Abstract:

To fully understand the mechanism of strong winter cooling in Chongqing, this paper used the weather dynamic diagnosis method to analyze the weather system evolution characteristics, dynamic structural characteristics and water vapor conditions of a strong cooling weather process from January 22 to 29, 2018 in Chongqing, based on the conventional ground observation data, sounding data and the numerical model data. The results showed that: (1) from January 22 to 29, the cold air invaded Chongqing from the northeast path, and the daily average temperature generally decreased by at least 6℃ within 72 h; compared with the western region, the northeastern region with generally higher altitude was affected by the cold air earlier, so it had a large-scale temperature dropping earlier and the lowest temperature was generally lower than that of the western region, with rainy and snowy weather coming later; under the dynamic functions of high and low level jet stream and low vortex-shear line, a large-scale rain firstly appeared in eastern region with sufficient water vapor conditions; when the cold air returned to the western region, it caused continuous strong cooling and rain; (2) the low-pressure system and cold center in the west of Lake Baikal, the northeast cold vortex, high and low level jet stream and the middle-low level vortex-shear line were the key points to forecast the affected time and area for Chongqing strong cooling with rainy (snowy) weather.

Key words: Chongqing, strong cooling, weather system, dynamic structure

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