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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (36): 143-149.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb20190600245

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

拥挤度和杀虫剂对蚜虫翅型分化和生长繁殖的影响

付 雪1, 叶乐夫2, 魏湜2, 赵奎军2   

  1. 1.黑龙江大学农业资源与环境学院;2.东北农业大学农学院
  • 收稿日期:2019-06-05 修回日期:2019-07-27 接受日期:2019-08-22 出版日期:2019-12-26 发布日期:2019-12-26
  • 通讯作者: 叶乐夫
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省省属高等学校基本科研业务费基础研究项目“北方寒地异色瓢虫辅助越冬增强早春控害功能的研究”(KJCX201820)；国家重点 研发计划“粮食丰产增效科技创新”重点专项“黑龙江省春玉米、粳稻丰产增效模式构建与超高产关键技术研究”(2017YFD0300506)；东北农业大学 学术骨干项目“寒地黑土害虫自然天敌时空异质性研究(518501)”；国家自然科学基金青年项目“烟粉虱-双生病毒入侵我国高纬度地区露地农业生态 系统风险分析”(31100304)。

Effects of congestion and sub-lethal dose imidacloprid on wing differentiation，growth and reproduction of soybean aphid

  • Received:2019-06-05 Revised:2019-07-27 Accepted:2019-08-22 Online:2019-12-26 Published:2019-12-26

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摘要： [目的]为了全面评价田间杀虫剂对害虫的非致死作用,[方法]我们选择了亚致死剂量吡虫啉和种群拥挤作为处理因子,测度了大豆蚜的产蚜量、成蚜寿命、若蚜历期及有翅蚜数量等指标,评价两个因子对蚜虫的寄主植株上种群的增殖力和转移扩散风险的影响性质及大小。[结果]结果表明：亚致死剂量吡虫啉对大豆蚜植株上种群有明显降低繁殖率的作用,从而有效减轻本地危害；另外,用药导致有翅蚜的数量显著降低,能降低蚜虫转移为害的风险。拥挤降低了第一代蚜虫种群的繁殖力,对第二代种群繁殖力没有显著影响。另一方面,拥挤造成有翅蚜数量增加,会增加蚜虫转移为害的风险。药剂和拥挤存在显著交互作用。[结论]研究表明：亚致死剂量的吡虫啉会降低大豆蚜后代的在原植株上的为害和转移为害,拥挤会消减药剂在植株上的控害作用,也会增加蚜虫转移为害的风险。

关键词: 郁金香(Tulipa gesneriana), 郁金香(Tulipa gesneriana), 退化鳞茎, 复壮, 昭苏

Abstract: To evaluate non-lethal effects of insecticide on pests completely, sub-lethal dose imidacloprid and population crowding were chosen as treatments. Reproduction, life span for soybean aphid adults, developmental periods of nymphs and number of alate aphids were measured to assess how would the two treatments effect on the pest population reproduction ability and risk of transfer on the host plants. The results showed that sub-lethal dose of imidacloprid significantly reduced reproduction rate of soybean aphid, thus effectively reducing the local damage on soybean seedling. In addition, the number of winged aphids decreased significantly, which could reduce the risk of aphids transfer accordingly. Moreover, crowding treatment reduced fecundity of the first generation aphid, but had no significant effect on the fecundity of the second generation. Crowding increased the number of winged aphids which would increase the risk of aphids transfer. Statistics also revealed that there was a significant interaction between pesticide and congestion. Based on above experiments, sub-lethal dose of imidacloprid can effectively control local damage and transfer damage of soybean aphid progenies on the original plant. Congestion will reduce the damage control effect of the pesticide on the aphids, furthermore, increase the risk of aphid transfer.