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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (8): 42-50.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0376

所属专题： 生物技术； 园艺

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同水平供钙量对木本观赏植物生长发育的影响

董文彩1(), 刘宪斌1,2(), 李红梅1,2, 赵双梅1, 包金美1, 沈健萍1, 梁芳1, 鲁美1   

  1. 1玉溪师范学院化学生物与环境学院,云南玉溪 653100
    2玉溪师范学院生物与环境工程研究院,云南玉溪 653100
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-12 修回日期:2021-08-12 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-04-06
  • 通讯作者: 刘宪斌
  • 作者简介:董文彩,男,1996年出生,云南保山人,本科在读,研究方向为热带森林生态系统土壤碳和养分循环、植物营养。通信地址：653100 云南省玉溪市红塔区凤凰路134号 玉溪师范学院化学生物与环境学院,E-mail： wencaidong96@163.com。
  • 基金资助:
    云南省教育厅大学生创新创业训练计划项目“通过修改营养液配方来调控观赏树木的花期和花量”(2019A02);云南省教育厅科学研究基金项目(教师类项目：2019J0739)

Effects of Calcium Supply with Varying Levels on the Growth and Development of Woody Ornamental Plants

DONG Wencai1(), LIU Xianbin1,2(), LI Hongmei1,2, ZHAO Shuangmei1, BAO Jinmei1, SHEN Jianping1, LIANG Fang1, LU Mei1   

  1. 1School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100
    2Institute of Biology and Environmental Engineering, School of Chemistry, Biology and Environment, Yuxi Normal University, Yuxi, Yunnan 653100
  • Received:2021-04-12 Revised:2021-08-12 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-04-06
  • Contact: LIU Xianbin

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摘要：

为了探讨城市园林绿化实际栽培和应用过程中通过调整钙肥施用量控制木本观赏植物营养生长和生殖生长的可能性。本研究以木本观赏植物‘桐棉’为研究对象,在Hoagland营养液配方的基础上设置7个不同水平钙浓度处理,调查‘桐棉’植株外部形态生长指标和各器官的生长量数据。结果表明：100%钙浓度条件下‘桐棉’植株的株高、根长和茎粗达到最大值,分别为：(126.67±4.81) cm,(105.00±4.04) cm 和(24.07±0.84) mm;1%钙浓度条件下‘桐棉’植株的株高、根长和茎粗均是7个不同水平钙浓度处理中的最小值,分别为：(10.67±1.20) cm,(19.33±2.96) cm和(2.20±0.12) mm。100%钙浓度条件下‘桐棉’植株的总生物量、叶干重、茎干重、根干重等指标均达到最大值,分别为：(348.02±12.01) g,(119.85±5.68) g,(157.29±6.39) g和(50.89±0.94) g;1%钙浓度条件下‘桐棉’植株的总生物量、叶干重、茎干重、根干重等指标均是7个不同水平钙浓度处理中的最小值,分别为：(10.24±0.81) g,(3.92±0.39) g,(3.05±0.39) g和(3.28±0.13) g。钙浓度为100%和150%的2个试验处理中,‘桐棉’植株在65天左右出现花蕾;钙浓度为1%、10%和300%的3个试验处理中‘桐棉’植株均未出现花蕾。本研究充分证明Hoagland营养液配方中的钙矿质营养元素浓度比较适合木本观赏植物‘桐棉’的生长发育,钙浓度过低或过高都不利于‘桐棉’植株的前期营养器官生长和后期向生殖生长阶段的转化。

关键词: 木本观赏植物, ‘桐棉’, 不同水平钙供应量, 形态生长指标, 植物生物量, 营养生长, 生殖生长, Hoagland营养液配方

Abstract:

To explore the possibility of controlling the vegetative and reproductive growth of woody ornamental plants by adjusting the amount of calcium fertilizer application in urban landscaping, this study took the woody ornamental plant ‘Portia tree’ as the research object, and set seven different levels of calcium concentrations on the basis of Hoagland nutrient solution to investigate the external morphological growth indexes of ‘Portia tree’ individuals and the growth data of various organs. The results showed that under the condition of 100% calcium concentration, the plant height, root length and stem diameter of ‘Portia tree’ individuals reached the maximum, which were (126.67±4.81) cm, (105.00±4.04) cm and (24.07±0.84) mm, respectively; and under the condition of 1% calcium concentration, the plant height, root length and stem diameter were the minimum of the 7 calcium concentrations, which were (10.67±1.20) cm, (19.33±2.96) cm and (2.20±0.12) mm, respectively. Under the condition of 100% calcium concentration, the total biomass, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and root dry weight of ‘Portia tree’ individuals reached the maximum, which were (348.02±12.01) g, (119.85±5.68) g, (157.29±6.39) g and (50.89±0.94) g, respectively; and under the condition of 1% calcium concentration, the total biomass, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight and root dry weight were the minimum of the 7 calcium concentrations, which were (10.24±0.81) g, (3.92±0.39) g, (3.05±0.39) g and (3.28±0.13) g, respectively. Under the two calcium concentrations of 100% and 150%, the flower buds of ‘Portia tree’ individuals appeared about 65 days after the treatment; while, no flower buds appeared under the three calcium concentrations of 1%, 10% and 300%. This study demonstrates that the concentration of calcium nutrient in Hoagland nutrient solution is more suitable for the growth and development of woody ornamental plant ‘Portia tree’, but extremely low or high calcium concentration are not conducive to the growth of vegetative organs in the early stage and the transformation to reproductive growth stage in the later stage.

Key words: woody ornamental plant, ‘Portia tree’, varying levels of calcium supply, indexes of morphological growth, plant biomass, vegetative growth, reproductive growth, Hoagland nutrient solution

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