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中国农学通报 ›› 2016, Vol. 32 ›› Issue (13): 56-60.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb15110095

所属专题: 园艺

• 林学 园艺 园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同化学物质调控塑料大棚南瓜营养生长和生殖生长的研究

刘 霞,胡芳芳,张加一,李思蓓,程永安   

  1. 西北农林科技大学园艺学院甘南课题组,西北农林科技大学园艺学院甘南课题组,西北农林科技大学园艺学院甘南课题组,西北农林科技大学园艺学院甘南课题组,西北农林科技大学园艺学院甘南课题组
  • 收稿日期:2015-11-17 修回日期:2016-04-11 接受日期:2015-12-24 出版日期:2016-05-17 发布日期:2016-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 程永安
  • 基金资助:
    国家公益性行业(农业)科研专项经费项目“南瓜产业技术研究与示范”(201303112)。

Effect of Different Chemical Substances on Vegetative and Reproductive Growth of Cucurbita maxima in Plastic Greenhouse

  • Received:2015-11-17 Revised:2016-04-11 Accepted:2015-12-24 Online:2016-05-17 Published:2016-05-17

摘要: 为实现塑料大棚南瓜营养生长与生殖生长的关系处于合理状态,研究选用不同化学物质诱导大棚南瓜雌花发生和控制营养生长。试验以‘永安二号’(印度南瓜类型)为材料,在南瓜苗期施用不同化学物质进行处理。结果表明:南瓜苗期用增瓜灵、乙烯利能够明显降低第一雌花节位、促进提早开花并增加雌花数量,以100 mg/L 乙烯利处理促进雌花发生效果最佳;多效唑、矮壮素、增瓜灵均有拟制营养生长的作用,500 mg/L多效唑和200 mg/L矮壮素控生效果最佳。增瓜灵(每袋15 g 兑水3 kg)具有促进雌花生成、抑制营养生长的双重作用。该试验在南瓜苗期用4 种化学物质进行处理,表现出明显的诱雌和控生优势,可以在农业生产中广泛应用。

关键词: 关中西部, 关中西部, 冬小麦, 氮磷钾, 丰缺指标, 经济最佳施肥量

Abstract: In order to achieve a rational state of vegetative and reproductive growth of Cucurbita maxima in plastic greenhouse, the authors tried to use different chemical substances to induce female flowers and control vegetative growth. India pumpkin variety‘Yong’an NO.2’was used as the experimental material, and different chemical substances were applied in pumpkin seedling stage. The results showed that the treatment of Zenggualing and ethephon could dramatically decrease the first female flower node, promote flowering and increase the number of female flowers in the pumpkin seedling stage, 100 mg/L ethephon had the best effect of promoting female flowers. However, paclobutrazol, chlormequat and Zenggualing inhibited the vegetative growth of pumpkin, 500 mg/L paclobutrazol and 200 mg/L chlormequat had the best effect. Meanwhile, Zenggualing (15 g per bag added 3 kg water) had a dual action of promoting female flowers and inhibiting vegetative growth. The results indicated that these four kinds of chemical substances used in the seedling stage of Cucurbita maxima could induce female flowers and control vegetative growth, and be widely applied in agricultural production.

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