芡实对沿淮富营养化水体的净化效果研究

doi:10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0538

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

为了解乡土水生植物芡实对沿淮农村富营养化河流净化效果，在模拟沿淮农村地区富营养化河流的水池中种植芡实，定期监测水体中的总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH₄⁺-N)、总磷(TP)、化学需氧量(COD_Cr)、酸碱度(pH)、可溶性盐含量(EC)、溶解氧(DO)的数值变化，综合分析芡实对富营养化河流的净化效果。结果表明，芡实作为沿淮地区乡土水生植物，对富营养化的河流有着净化作用。芡实在生长过程中能吸收水体95.53%~98.45%的NH₄⁺-N和99.50%~99.65%的TP，净化效果好。芡实对富营养河流中TN和COD_Cr的净化效果不明显，而且水体中的pH上升11.05%~11.61%，EC值增加21.12%~22%，DO增加3.82~21.77倍。芡实作为一种乡土水生植物，对沿淮地区富营养化河流具有显著的净化潜力。

关键词: 芡实, 富营养化河流, 水体净化, 综合分析, 氨氮去除, 总磷去除, 溶解氧增加, 酸碱度变化, 可溶性盐含量变化

Abstract:

In order to understand the purification effect of indigenous aquatic plant Euryale ferox on eutrophic rivers in rural areas along the Huai River, E. ferox were planted in simulated pools representing eutrophic river conditions in rural areas along the Huai River. The concentrations of total nitrogen (TN), ammonium nitrogen (NH₄⁺-N), total phosphorus (TP), chemical oxygen demand (COD_Cr), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), and dissolved oxygen (DO) in the water were regularly monitored. A comprehensive analysis was conducted to assess the purification effect of E. ferox on eutrophic rivers. The results indicated that E. ferox, as indigenous aquatic plants in the Huai River region, exhibited a purification effect on eutrophic rivers. During the growth process, E. ferox could absorb 95.53%-98.45% of NH₄⁺-N and 99.50%-99.65% of TP, demonstrating a favorable purification effect. However, the purification effect of E. ferox on TN and COD_Crin eutrophic rivers was not significant. Additionally, the pH of the water increased by 11.05% to 11.61%, EC values increased by 21.12% to 22%, and DO increased by 3.82 to 21.77 times.

Key words: Euryale ferox, eutrophic river, water purification, comprehensive analysis, removal of ammoniacal nitrogen, removal of total phosphorus, increase in dissolved oxygen, changes in pH levels, changes in soluble salt content

陈毛华, 杨永学, 刘坤. 芡实对沿淮富营养化水体的净化效果研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2024, 40(22): 66-71.

CHEN Maohua, YANG Yongxue, LIU Kun. Study on Purification Effect of Euryale ferox on Eutrophic Waters Along Huai River[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2024, 40(22): 66-71.

图/表 8

图1. 试验种植和取样点示意图

图2. 各采样点总氮的动态变化

图3. 各采样点氨氮的动态变化

图4. 各采样点总磷的动态变化

图5. 各采样点COD的动态变化

图6. 各采样点pH动态变化

图7. 各采样点EC值动态变化

图8. 各采样点溶解氧动态变化

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