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中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (33): 146-152.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-4220

所属专题: 马铃薯

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

高粉与低粉木薯品种叶片光合作用日变化及淀粉积累的研究

樊宪伟 蟠宏 韦葳 胡佩珍 李有志   

  • 收稿日期:2013-01-02 修回日期:2013-02-27 出版日期:2013-11-25 发布日期:2013-11-25
  • 基金资助:
    重要热带作物木薯品种改良的基础研究;木薯淀粉生物合成相关酶的同工酶分析及与淀粉合成的关系

Diurnal Changes of Photosynthesis and Starch Accumulation Between High and Low Starch Cultivars of Cassava

  • Received:2013-01-02 Revised:2013-02-27 Online:2013-11-25 Published:2013-11-25

摘要: 为了阐明高粉和低粉木薯叶片光合作用及淀粉累积的日变化规律,以高粉木薯品种‘辐选01’和低粉品种‘华南124’苗期叶片为对象,对叶片光合作用的日变化、叶片中的可溶性糖(葡萄糖、果糖、蔗糖)及总糖、淀粉含量、气孔密度等进行比较研究。结果表明:随着光强的增加,高粉品种‘辐选01’的光合速率较低粉品种‘华南124’高;且‘辐选01’叶片上表皮与下表皮的气孔密度都显著高于‘华南124’;2个木薯品种叶片中蔗糖、可溶性总糖含量在一天中是不断积累、逐渐增加的。在一天当中,木薯叶片中淀粉含量在18:00时达到最高。而高粉品种‘辐选01’的光合作用能力在一天当中与低粉品种‘华南124’存在较大差异,在8:00—14:00之间,‘辐选01’的光合作用能力与糖分积累较‘华南124’高,而在16:00—18:00之间,‘华南124’的光合作用能力与糖分积累较高,这可能与午后温室温度上升引起叶片温度过高,叶绿体活性与Rubisico活性降低、RuBP羧化酶再生能力降低导致了‘辐选01’的光合作用能力比‘华南124’的低。

关键词: 救济制度, 救济制度

Abstract: In order to clarify the diurnal variation of high and low starch cassava leaf photosynthesis and starch accumulation, diurnal changes of photosynthesis, soluble sugar contents and starch accumulation and the difference of stomatal density in leaf abaxial / adaxial epidermis were studied, of which high and low starch cultivars was used as materials. The results showed that, the photosynthetic rate of high starch cultivar ‘Fuxuan01’ was higher by increasing illumination intensity compared to that of low starch cultivar ‘Huanan124’, and stomatal density of the leaf abaxial / adaxial epidermis was significantly higher for ‘Fuxuan01’ than that of ‘Huanan124’. For two cassava cultivars, the sugar and soluble sugar contents of leaf was progressively increased from 8:00 to 18:00, and the leaf starch contents accumulated the highest at 18:00 in a day. However, there was significant difference in photosynthetic ability between the high starch cultivar ‘Fuxuan01’ and low starch cultivar ‘Huanan124’, and the photosynthetic ability and accumulating sugar contents for ‘Fuxuan01’ was higher from 8:00 to 14:00, and then ‘Huanan124’ was higher from 16:00 to 18:00. This difference was related to higher gas temperature, which resulted in higher leaf temperature, decreasing the activity of chloroplast and Rubisico and RuBP regenation ability. This was accorded with higher temperature resistant of ‘Huanan124’.