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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (24): 158-164.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0830

• 水产·渔业 • 上一篇    

福建3条主要河流外来鱼类入侵状况及危害评价

方民杰()   

  1. 福建省水产研究所,福建厦门 361013
  • 收稿日期:2023-11-23 修回日期:2024-03-11 出版日期:2024-08-20 发布日期:2024-08-20
  • 作者简介:

    方民杰,男,1970年出生,福建云霄人,高级工程师,学士,研究方向:水产增养殖及渔业生态。通信地址:361013福建省厦门市湖里区东渡海山路7号福建省水产研究所,Tel:0592-5678555,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    福建省海洋服务与渔业高质量发展专项资金项目“福建省渔业水域外来入侵水生动物普查”(FJHY-YYKJ-2023-1-13)

Invasion Status and Hazard Assessment of Alien Fishes in Three Major Rivers of Fujian

FANG Minjie()   

  1. Fisheries Research Institute of Fujian, Xiamen, Fujian 361013
  • Received:2023-11-23 Revised:2024-03-11 Published:2024-08-20 Online:2024-08-20

摘要:

为了摸清福建3条主要河流外来鱼类入侵状况和危害程度,2023年3—4月,在九龙江西溪、漳江和汀江设置10个站位,采用流刺网、地笼网对外来鱼类的种类组成、数量和分布进行调查。根据渔获物中外来鱼类的重量占比,评价其危害程度。调查结果表明:外来鱼类有齐氏罗非鱼、伽利略罗非鱼、尼罗罗非鱼、马那瓜丽体鱼、豹纹翼甲鲇、革胡子鲇、露斯塔野鲮,共7种。这3条河流的外来鱼类种类数分别为6种、5种、2种,数量占比分别为58.97%、81.35%和45.22%,重量占比分别为65.53%、82.52%和41.28%。外来鱼类在这3条河流均有分布,并成为鱼类的主要类群,其中以齐氏罗非鱼、伽利略罗非鱼和尼罗罗非鱼等罗非鱼类为主。外来鱼类在3条河流的危害程度均为重。本研究调查河流外来鱼类入侵状况,为鱼类多样性的保护、外来入侵物种的防控提供基础数据支撑。

关键词: 福建主要河流, 外来鱼类入侵, 危害评价

Abstract:

In order to understand the invasion status and hazards of alien fishes in three major rivers of Fujian, from March to April 2023, 10 sites were sampled in the west branch of Jiulongjiang River, Zhangjiang River and Tingjiang River to investigate the species composition, quantity, and distribution of alien fishes by using flow gill nets and ground cage nets. The degree of harm was evaluated based on weight proportion of alien fishes in the catches. The survey results showed that there were 7 species of alien fishes, including Coptodon zillii, Sarotherodon galilarea, Oreochromis niloticus, Parachromis managuensis, Pterygoplichthys pardalis, Clarias gariepinus, and Labeo rohita. The species number of alien fishes in the three rivers was 6, 5, and 2, with a quantity proportion of 58.97%, 81.35%, and 45.22%, and a weight proportion of 65.53%, 82.52%, and 41.28%, respectively. Alien fishes had distributed in the three rivers and became the main group of fishes, with the majority being tilapia such as C. zillii, S. galilarea, and O. niloticus. The degree of harm caused by alien fishes in all three rivers was high. This study investigated the invasion status of alien fishes in rivers, providing basic data support for the protection of fish diversity and the prevention and control of alien invasive species.

Key words: major rivers of Fujian, invasion of alien fishes, hazard assessment