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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (26): 211-216.

所属专题： 耕地保护

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

石羊河流域下游不同年代退耕地土壤养分和盐分变异特征研究

王俊年 郭树江 李得禄 王理德   

  • 收稿日期:2012-02-23 修回日期:2012-04-26 出版日期:2012-09-15 发布日期:2012-09-15
  • 基金资助:

    近地面沙尘暴运动规律及林业防护体系减灾效能研究;石羊河中下游退耕地土壤系统演变规律及其驱动机制研究

The Variation Characteristics of Soil Nutrients and Salinity of Different Years Abandoned Fields in Lower Reaches of Shiyang River

  • Received:2012-02-23 Revised:2012-04-26 Online:2012-09-15 Published:2012-09-15

PDF (PC)

753

摘要：

由于气候及人类活动因素的影响，中国干旱灌区土壤盐渍化问题日趋严重，盐渍化退耕地面积不断扩大，通过研究不同年代盐渍化退耕地土壤盐分、养分的变化规律，为盐渍化退耕地土壤的恢复和合理利用提供理论基础。石羊河流域下游的民勤绿洲区属于土壤盐渍化严重区，选择不同年代退耕地，利用时空替代的研究方法，研究绿洲区盐碱化退耕地土壤盐分（土壤盐分离子Ca2+、Mg2+、K+、Na+、CO32-、HCO3-、Cl-、SO42-）和养分（土壤有机质、全氮、速效磷、速效钾）在不同退耕时期的变异特征。结果表明：退耕年限的长短对土壤养分、盐分影响程度不同，退耕0~5年土壤有机质含量较高，5~10年土壤有机质含量最低，退耕10年以后土壤有机质含量基本趋于稳定；土壤可溶性盐分含量随着退耕年限的延长而逐渐升高。盐分8大离子组成中，阴离子以主要为SO42-、Cl-为主，阳离子以K+、Na+为主，分别占总含盐量的66.2%和19.2 %。退耕地土壤盐渍化程度随着退耕年限的延长越来越严重。

关键词: 拟南芥抗逆性, 拟南芥抗逆性

Abstract:

The problems of soil salinization have been getting serious gradually and the area of the abandoned salinized fields were constantly expanding which were influenced by the climate factors and the human activities in arid irrigated areas, China. The studies on variance rule of soil salt and soil nutrients were carried out on the different abandoned fields in order to provide theoretical basis for the soil restoration and reasonable use of the abandoned salinized fields. Minqin oasis which is located in Lower Reaches of Shiyang River is classified serious area of soil salinization. The variation characteristics of soil nutrients (soil organic matter, total N, rapidly available P and K) and salinity (Ca2+, Mg2+, K+, Na+, CO32-, HCO3-, Cl-, SO42-) of different rear abandoned fields that was abandoned in different years were researched by the method of space series replacing time series. The results showed that length of abandoned time had different degree of influences on soil nutrients and salinity. The content of soil organic matter was higher with 5 years. The content of soil organic matter was minimum with 5-10 years, and the content of soil organic matter was tending towards stability after 10 years. The content of total salinity ascended higher and higher with the increasing of the abandoned time. The main cation were Cl-, SO42- among 8 ions, but main anion were K+, Na+, respectively accounting for 66.2% and 19.2% of total salinity. The degree of salinity became more serious as time prolonging.