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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (26): 217-223.

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

伊犁河流域土壤中As、Hg环境地球化学基线及环境现状研究

陈洪 邓睿 特拉津?那斯尔   

  • 收稿日期:2012-02-28 修回日期:2012-04-15 出版日期:2012-09-15 发布日期:2012-09-15
  • 基金资助:

    伊犁河流域土壤重金属环境地球化学基线研究

Environmental Geochemical Baseline and the Present Situation of As, Hg in Soil from Ili River Basin

  • Received:2012-02-28 Revised:2012-04-15 Online:2012-09-15 Published:2012-09-15

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摘要：

为了新疆伊犁河流域地区农学、工业等与土壤环境的和谐发展，了解重金属元素在土壤介质中的现状水平是其发展的前提，采用地球化学基线值这一观点研究砷(As)、汞(Hg)2种重金属元素在研究区域土壤中的含量水平，并通过2种元素在土壤中的地质累积指数(Igeo)分析伊犁河流域土壤的环境现状。运用合理的方法确定砷(As)（标准化方法）、汞(Hg)（统计学方法）的环境地球化学基线值，其基线值分别为35.2 mg/kg、9.32 μg/kg。通过地质累积指数分析结果显示，对于砷(As)、汞(Hg)来说，伊犁河流域土壤都表现出较为“洁净”。砷(As)元素在供试土壤中表现出，77.9%的土壤甚为“洁净”，21.1%洁净程度降低，还有1%表现出“不洁净”；汞(Hg)元素在供试土壤中表现出，95.2%土壤甚为“洁净”，4.8%洁净程度降低。砷(As)、汞(Hg)在4种供试土类中表现出不同的洁净程度，对于砷(As)元素来说，4种供试土类中受As元素影响的洁净度大小为：盐碱土>黑钙土>栗钙土>灰钙土；对于Hg来说，则是灰钙土=盐碱土>黑钙土>栗钙土。从2种元素在供试土壤中所占洁净程度比例来看，Hg比As在伊犁河流域土壤中表现出更为“洁净”。同时发现海拔高度、土壤类型是影响伊犁河流域地区As、Hg现状水平的重要自然因素。四种供试土类中受砷的污染程度大小为盐碱土>黑钙土>栗钙土>灰钙土；对于汞元素来说，则是灰钙土=盐碱土>黑钙土>栗钙土。从两种元素在供试土壤中所占洁净程度比例来看，汞比砷在伊犁河流域土壤中表现出更为“洁净”。

关键词: 相关系数, 相关系数

Abstract:

The investigation of heavy metal elements levels in the soil media is premise of harmonious development of agriculture, industry and soil environment in Ili Region, Xinjiang, China. The environmental geochemical baseline was used to measure the concentration of As and Hg in the soil samples, the index of geo-accumulation (Igeo) of As, Hg was applied to analyze the state of the environment the surficial soil in Ili Region, Xinjiang, China. The baseline values were As 35.2 mg/kg, Hg 9.32 μg/kg, determined by standard method and statistic method, respectively. According to the results of geo-accumulation (Igeo) of As, Hg, the surficial soil in Ili Region were not polluted by As and Hg. The surficial soils polluted by As accounted for 1%, 77.9% of the surficial soils were clean and 21.1% of the surficial soils were less clean. And 95.2% of the surficial soils were not polluted by Hg, 4.8% of the surficial soils were less clean. Among 4 soil samples, the extent of clean by As were saline-alkali soil>chernozem>chestnut soil>sierozem, while in the 4 soil samples, the extent of clean by Hg were sierozem=saline-alkali soil>chernozem>chestnut soil. The results of the As, Hg of concentration indicated that comparing to As, Hg in the surficial soils seemed to be more clean. In addition, the As, Hg of concentration in the soil of Ili region were affected by natural factors such as altitude and soil type.