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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (24): 157-160.

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

地膜再利用对河套地区向日葵农艺性状及产量的影响

史建国 刘景辉 贾利欣 张志栋 融晓萍 张永清 王春梅 闫雅非   

  • 收稿日期:2012-05-08 修回日期:2012-05-18 出版日期:2012-08-25 发布日期:2012-08-25
  • 基金资助:

    内蒙古农业大学创新团队项目

Effects of Re-used Plastic Film Mulching on Sunflower Agronomic Characters and Yield in Hetao Region

  • Received:2012-05-08 Revised:2012-05-18 Online:2012-08-25 Published:2012-08-25

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摘要：

为了降低普通地膜覆盖残留对农田环境的污染，2009—2011年在河套地区进行了旧膜、新膜及露地栽培向日葵对比试验，研究地膜再利用对向日葵农艺性状和产量及其相关因子的影响。结果表明，旧膜的株高、茎粗、盘径、叶干重和地上部总干重均显著高于露地，其中，两年的株高分别高6.3%和7.5%，茎粗分别高6.8%和17.4%，盘径分别高8.0%和9.6%，叶干重分别高24.9%和33.2%，地上部总干量分别高29.4%和25.3%；旧膜的茎粗略高于新膜，无显著差异，旧膜的株高、盘径、叶干重和地上部总干重均略低于新膜，无显著差异。旧膜覆盖下向日葵的每盘粒重、百粒重及产量均显著高于露地，其中，2年的每盘粒重分别高3.3%和10.4%，百粒重分别高3.7%和5.8%，产量分别高11.4%和16.8%；与新膜无显著或极显著差异。说明旧膜仍具有改善向日葵农艺性状和提高产量的作用。

关键词: 洱海, 洱海

Abstract:

Aiming at reducing agricultural pollution caused by plastic film, the effects of re-used plastic film mulching on soil temperatures and seed emergence were studied through comparing with the new plastic film mulching, and open field in 2009-2010 in Hetao region. The results showed: compared to bare field, re-used film mulching could significantly increased sunflower’s plant height 6.3% and 7.5%, stem diameter 6.8% and 17.4%, disc diameter 8.0% and 9.6%, leaf dry weight 24.9% and 33.2% and total dry weight 29.4% and 25.3% respectively in 2010 and 2011. Except stem diameter, plant height, disc diameter, leaf dry weight and total dry weight of re-used film mulching was slightly lower than that of new film mulching, but the difference was not significant. Compared with bare field, yield per plant of re-used film mulching was significantly increased 3.3% (2010) and 10.4% (2011), 100-seed weight of re-used film mulching was significantly increased 3.7% (2010) and 5.8% (2011), and they were lower than that of new film mulching, but the difference was not significant. In addition, compared with bare field, sunflower yield of re-used film mulching was significantly increased 11.4% (2010) and 16.8% (2011), and compared to the new film treatment, the yield decreased 3.3% (2010) and 2.6% (2011).