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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (35): 102-106.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-4055

所属专题： 油料作物

• 农村产业结构与区域经济 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国及东北三省30年大豆种植面积、总产、单产变化分析

薛庆喜   

  • 收稿日期:2012-12-19 修回日期:2013-02-18 出版日期:2013-12-15 发布日期:2013-12-15
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省科技攻关项目大豆垄四深松高产栽培技术

Analysis on the Change of 30 Year’s Soybean Areas, Production and Yield in China and Northeast China

  • Received:2012-12-19 Revised:2013-02-18 Online:2013-12-15 Published:2013-12-15

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摘要： 探讨各阶段大豆种植面积、总产、单产的变化，为大豆生产、科研工作提供参考，将1981—2010期间全国及东北三省每年大豆种植面积、总产、单产，划分为3个年度阶段，然后利用完全随机的方法统计分析。结果表明，随着年度阶段的递增，全国和黑龙江的大豆种植面积、总产都在增加，特别是近10年比上个10年增加都极显著；虽然1991—2000年全国和黑龙江大豆平均单产都比1981—1900年极显著增产分别达25.16%和24.54%；而与1991—2000年大豆平均单产相比，2001—2010年全国仅增加1.71%，黑龙江减产5.75%。与1981—1990年相比，吉林省和辽宁省近20年来的大豆种植面积在显著或极显著的减少，但大豆单产有明显的提高；2001—2010年吉林省和辽宁省大豆单产比1991—2000年分别极显著增加26.96%和35.21%，1991—2000年吉林省大豆单产比1981—1990年大豆单产显著增加20.85%，辽宁省此期间单产增加18.54%。近10年来黑龙江省大豆平均单产减产的主要原因是大豆重迎茬所致，吉林省和辽宁省大豆平均单产各年分阶段都在显著或极显著提高的结果也佐证了这一点；所以，生产上合理的作物轮作制是大豆单产可持续提高的重要基础。

关键词: 环境互作, 环境互作

Abstract: The each year soybean planting area, production, yield of Heilongjiang Province, Jilin Province and Liaoning Province and all over China during the 1981-2010 period were divided into three year stages, then, the change of soybean planting area, production, yield of each phase was analyzed with completely random method for the soybean production, scientific research work to be reference. The results showed that, with the increase of the stage, the national and Heilongjiang soybean planting area and production had been increasing, especially, of the recent 10 years increased significantly or extremely significantly than that of 1991-2000; although the average soybean yields of the national and Heilongjiang Province during 1991-2000 increased very significantly by 25.16% and 24.54% respectively than that of 1981-1990, compared with the 1991-2000 period, the yield of the national only increased by 1.71%, of Heilongjiang Province decreased 5.75% during 2001-2010 period. Compared with the 1981-1990 period, the recent 20 year soybean planting area of Jilin Province and Liaoning Province reduced significantly or extremely significantly, but the soybean yield raised obviously. During the period of 2001-2010, the soybean yield of Jilin and Liaoning increased by 26.96% and 35.21% very significantly than that of 1991-2000 respectively. During the period of 1991-2000, the soybean yield of Jilin Province increased by 20.85% significantly than that of 1981-1990, Liaoning Province increased by 18.54%. In the past 10 years, the reduction reason of the average soybean yield of Heilongjiang Province mainly resulted from continuous and every other one year cropping soybean, the very significant increases in average soybean yield of Jilin Province and Liaoning Province in provided it. So, the reasonable rotation system is an important basis for soybean yield sustainable increase.

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