Abstract: Vegetation and soil is the two most active factors of landscape and the important content of evaluation for cropland to forest. The relationship between them is central to ecological research. In the loess hilly region, study of relationship is required for understanding of landscape ecological processes and restoration of cropland to forest. Spatio-temporal variance and correlation of (vegetation) species richness, diversity, evenness, soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus of cropland to forest and their interaction at different spatial scales and habitats in the loess hilly region are analyzed in this paper. The vegetation index of cropland to forest in area scale is less than that in catchment scale, but it has more variance. To come near significant and significant positive correlations between species richness and evenness, species diversity and evenness, soil organic matter and total nitrogen were revealed at two scales and habitats studied. Different spatio-temporal patterns of vegetation characteristics and soil properties of cropland to forest were found, but no significant correlations between were observed in two scales. These results indicated vegetation characteristics and soil properties of cropland to forest were controlled by others environmental factors or interferential process. These factors or interferential process resulted in spatio-temporal variance vegetation characteristics and soil properties of cropland to forest.