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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (14): 1-5.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb17120038

所属专题： 资源与环境； 水稻； 农业生态

• 农学 农业基础科学 •    下一篇

亚洲不同生态区水稻群体遗传多样性与特异性分析

林春雨,梁晓宇,王洋,马淑梅   

  1. 黑龙江省哈尔滨市黑龙江大学,黑龙江省哈尔滨市黑龙江大学,黑龙江省哈尔滨市黑龙江大学,黑龙江省哈尔滨市黑龙江大学
  • 收稿日期:2017-12-07 修回日期:2018-04-17 接受日期:2018-02-24 出版日期:2018-05-17 发布日期:2018-05-17
  • 通讯作者: 王洋
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省科技厅自然基金“利用连锁不平衡发掘粳稻种质资源耐冷性优异等位变异及载体材料”(C201009)；国家级大学生创新项目“粳稻 品种幼苗耐缺氧能力等位变异的分布与聚合设计”(2015102121012)。

Genetic Diversity and Specificity of Rice Population in Different Asian Ecological Areas

  • Received:2017-12-07 Revised:2018-04-17 Accepted:2018-02-24 Online:2018-05-17 Published:2018-05-17

摘要： 研究不同生态区水稻群体的遗传多样性及其遗传结构分化、群体特异性及其相互关系，为水稻起源及亲本遴选提供遗传基础。本研究利用119对SSR标记对太湖、黑龙江省和越南的440种水稻品种进行分析。结果在三个不同生态区中的太湖流域水稻中检测到783个等位基因，平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.49；在黑龙江水稻中检测到296个等位基因，平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.21；在越南水稻中共检测到374个等位基因，平均多态信息含量（PIC）为0.28，这表明越南水稻和黑龙江水稻的多样性低于太湖水稻。特缺等位变异数最多的是黑龙江亚群（132），最少的是太湖亚群（4）；特有等位变异数最多的是太湖亚群（284），最少的是黑龙江亚群（25）。从亚群间补充等位变异数来看：其补充等位变异数最多的是太湖亚群对黑龙江亚群的补充（447），最少的是黑龙江亚群对太湖亚群的补充（29）。利用Structure2.2软件将三个地区的440个品种分为7类血缘，发现每个血缘都不是独立的而是相互渗透的。

关键词: 彩条布覆盖棚, 彩条布覆盖棚, 树体温度, 阳面, 阴面

Abstract: Study on the genetic diversity, genetic structure, genetic specificity and the relationship of different rice populations in Asian ecological areas can provide genetic basis for exploring rice origin and selecting parental materials. 119 pairs of SSR markers which distributed in 12 chromosomes were selected, and the whole genomes of 440 rice cultivars were scanned. The genetic diversity and genetic structure were analyzed by PowerMarker 3.25 and Structure 2.2. A total of 781 alleles were produced in Taihu Lake rice cultivars and the PIC average value was 0.52. A total of 295 alleles were produced in Heilongjiang rice cultivars and the PIC average value was 0.25. A total of 370 alleles were produced in Vietnam rice cultivars and the PIC average value was 0.30. It indicated that the genetic diversity of Taihu Lake rice was higher than that of Vietnam and Heilongjiang rice. Heilongjiang rice population had the most specifically deficient alleles (132) and the Taihu Lake subpopulation had the least (4). The Taihu Lake rice population had the most specifically existent alleles (284) and Heilongjiang rice population (25) had the least. The Taihu Lake subpopulation had the most complementary number of alleles (447) for Heilongjiang subpopulation. The Heilongjiang subpopulation had the least complementary number of alleles (29) for Taihu Lake subpopulation. The 440 varieties in the three regions were divided into seven germplasm groups by Structure 2.2, they were not independent but interpenetrating. The genetic background of rice cultivar populations in different Asian ecological areas has integration and complementation, which could widen the breeding resources.