The relation between ecological environment and tobacco internal quality was studied at 10 counties or districts including Midu, Bin chuan, Hongta Distric, Mile, Shilin, Wuding, Yiliang, Zhenxiong, Weixin and Shuangbai. The following conclusion can be made that (1) of all smoking index, the ashy of cigarette was influenced most greatly by the ecological environment, aroma volume was stable at different culture ecotope. (2) The smoking aggregate score was closely relative to aroma quality but was distantly relative to ashy of cigarette. (3)The aroma quality and aroma volume as well as the offensive odor and physiological strength condition each other and the aroma quality was the leading factor for restricting offensive taste, physiological strength and combustibility. (4)We can improve the aroma quality, aroma volume and offensive taste by culture measure, and the tobacco quality was raised during production.