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中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (13): 64-69.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0443

• 林学·园艺·园林 • 上一篇    下一篇

低温胁迫对枇杷生理特性及抗寒相关基因差异表达的影响

潘翠萍1(), 陶炼2, 谢红江2(), 李华佳1, 邓群仙3, 王永清3   

  1. 1 四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所(四川省农业科学院食物与营养健康研究所),成都 610066
    2 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,成都 610066
    3 四川农业大学园艺学院,四川温江 611130
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-12 修回日期:2023-12-23 出版日期:2024-04-28 发布日期:2024-04-28
  • 通讯作者:
    谢红江,男,1973年出生,重庆江津人,研究员,博士,主要从事果树育种与栽培技术研究。通信地址:610066 四川省成都市锦江区狮子山路4号 四川省农业科学院园艺研究所,E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    潘翠萍,女,1986年出生,甘肃金昌人,助理研究员,博士,主要从事水果采后贮藏保鲜及果实抗逆机理研究。通信地址:610066 四川省成都市锦江区狮子山路60号 四川省农业科学院农产品加工研究所,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划“杧果、柑橘、软籽石榴等特色水果产业关键技术研究与应用示范”(2021YFD1600800); 四川省育种攻关“突破性果树育种材料和方法创新及新品种选育”(2021YFYZ0023)

Effect of Low Temperature Stress on Physiological Characteristics and Differential Expression of Cold-related Genes of Loquat

PAN Cuiping1(), TAO Lian2, XIE Hongjiang2(), LI Huajia1, DENG Qunxian3, WANG Yongqing3   

  1. 1 Institute of Agro-products Processing Science and Technology (Institute of Food Nutrition and Health), Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    2 Horticulture Research Institute, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610066
    3 College of Horticulture, Sichuan Agricultural University, Wenjiang, Sichuan, 611130
  • Received:2023-06-12 Revised:2023-12-23 Published:2024-04-28 Online:2024-04-28

摘要:

研究低温胁迫下2个枇杷幼果种胚生理指标变化及抗寒相关EjICE1基因的表达规律,为枇杷抗寒新材料的筛选及枇杷抗寒分子机理的解析提供理论依据。以洞庭枇杷(黄肉,DT)及洞庭枇杷突变型(白肉,DTM)挂果容器苗为材料,研究人工模拟低温对枇杷相对电导率(REC)、丙二醛(MDA)含量、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性及EjICE1基因的表达规律的影响。结果表明,低温胁迫下2个枇杷幼果种胚相对电导率REC均呈“S”型曲线变化,Logistic方程显示,洞庭枇杷和突变型(DTM)半致死温度LT50分别为-4.759、-2.811℃,突变型(白肉,DTM)幼果的抗寒能力强于洞庭枇杷;2个枇杷的SOD、POD及CAT活性及洞庭枇杷(DT)的MDA含量均呈现出先升后降的变化趋势,但达到最大阈值的时间点不同,而突变型(DTM)MDA含量则呈现缓慢上升趋势,洞庭枇杷SOD在1℃达到最大阈值,丙二醛(MDA)含量、POD及CAT活性在-1℃达到最大阈值;突变型(DTM)SOD、POD及CAT活性在-3℃达到最大阈值,丙二醛(MDA)含量则在-5℃达到最大阈值。EjICE1基因在2个枇杷中的表达呈先升后降的趋势,突变型(DTM)EjICE1基因的表达水平均高于同时期的洞庭枇杷,最大表达量出现在-3℃,洞庭枇杷EjICE1基因最大表达量出现在-1℃,在-5℃时2个枇杷中EjICE1基因的表达均被强烈抑制。突变型(DTM)幼果的抗寒能力强于亲本洞庭枇杷(DT),低温胁迫下,突变型(DTM)具有较高的保护酶活性,能快速激活抗寒相关基因的表达,启动低温应答机制,进而抵御和适应低温伤害。

关键词: 枇杷, 低温胁迫, 半致死温度, 生理特性, 基因表达

Abstract:

The physiological changes and the expression of EjICE1 gene related to cold resistance embryos of two young loquat fruit under low temperature stress were studied to provide theoretical basis for the screening of new cold-resistant materials and the analysis of cold-resistant molecular mechanism of loquat. Using Dongting loquat (yellow-flesh) and its mutant type (white-flesh) that were growing in pots with fruits (DTM) as materials, the effects of simulated low temperature stress on the relative electrical conductivity, malondialdehyde (MDA) content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT) activity and the expression of EjICE1 gene were studied. The results showed that the relative electrical conductivity (REC) of embryos of two young loquat fruits presented an ‘S’ type curve change pattern, and the Logistic equation showed that the semi-lethal temperature of Dongting loquat and its mutant type was -4.759 and -2.811℃, respectively. The cold resistance of DTM was stronger than Dongting loquat. The SOD, POD and CAT activities of the two loquats and the MDA contents of Dongting loquat showed a trend of increasing first and then decreasing change pattern with the different time point of reaching the peak, while the MDA contents of Dongting loquat showed a slowly increased trend. SOD activity of Dongting loquat reached the peak at 1℃, and the content of MDA, POD, CAT activity reached peak at -1℃. The SOD, POD and CAT activity of DTM reached the peak at -3℃, while the content of MDA reached the peak at -5℃. The expression level of EjICE1 gene of DTM was higher than that of Dongting loquat at the same time. The expression of EjICE1 gene in DTM was the highest at -3℃, and that in Dongting loquat was the highest at -1℃. The expression level of EjICE1 gene was strongly inhibited in the two loquats under low temperature stress at -5℃. The cold resistance of DTM was stronger than Dongting loquat, under low temperature stress, DTM could rapidly activate higher protective enzyme activity and the expression of genes related to cold resistance, activate the low temperature response mechanism to resist and adapt to low temperature injury.

Key words: loquat, low temperature stress, semi-lethal temperature, physiological characteristics, gene expression