欢迎访问《中国农学通报》,

中国农学通报 ›› 2024, Vol. 40 ›› Issue (14): 127-133.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2023-0873

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

中药提取物对海兰褐蛋鸡生产性能、免疫功能和抗氧化性能的影响

张红艳1(), 张强1, 韩姗姗1, 殷红1, 王建波2, 秦涛1()   

  1. 1 陕西省秦岭生态安全重点实验室/陕西省生物农业研究所,西安 710043
    2 武功县华圣禽业有限公司,陕西武功 712200
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-25 修回日期:2024-02-05 出版日期:2024-05-15 发布日期:2024-05-09
  • 通讯作者:
    秦涛,男,1974年出生,陕西周至人,副研究员,本科,研究方向:生物农业。通信地址:710043 陕西省西安市新城区咸宁中路125号, E-mail:
  • 作者简介:

    张红艳,女,1978年出生,河南沁阳人,助理研究员,在读硕士,研究方向:生物农业。通信地址:710043 陕西省西安市新城区咸宁中路125号,E-mail:

  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点研发计划项目“家禽专用无抗生物饲料添加剂的研究及应用”(2022NY-103); 西安市科技计划项目“发酵中药渣生产替抗饲料添加剂关键技术研究”(23NYGG0034); 陕西省科技厅创新能力支撑计划项目“生物技术中试研究科技共享服务平台”(2023-Cx-PT-12)

Effects of Chinese Herbal Extract on Performance, Immune Function and Antioxidant Capacity of Highland Brown Laying Hens

ZHANG Hongyan1(), ZHANG Qiang1, HAN Shanshan1, YIN Hong1, WANG Jianbo2, Qin Tao1()   

  1. 1 Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Qinling Ecological Security/Bio-Agriculture Institute of Shaanxi, Xi'an 710043
    2 Wugong County Huasheng Poultry Co., Ltd., Wugong, Shaanxi 712200
  • Received:2023-12-25 Revised:2024-02-05 Published:2024-05-15 Online:2024-05-09

摘要:

旨在研究中药提取物对海兰褐蛋鸡的生产性能、血液免疫功能以及抗氧化性能的影响。选择健康42周龄的海兰褐壳蛋鸡360羽,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复30羽蛋鸡。样品A、B、C组在市售普通全价饲料的基础上分别添加0.4%中药提取物复方黄连解毒散HLJDS、白头翁散BTWS、清瘟汤QWT饲喂,对照D组饲喂市售普通全价饲料。预试期7 d,试验期28 d。结果显示:生产性能上,C组蛋鸡的产蛋率极显著高于对照D组(P<0.01),A组蛋鸡的产蛋率显著高于对照D组(P<0.05);A组、C组蛋鸡的料蛋比极显著低于对照D组(P<0.01);在平均蛋重上各组鸡蛋并无显著性差异(P>0.05);A组、C组蛋鸡的次蛋率极显著低于对照D组(P<0.01),B组蛋鸡的次蛋率显著低于对照D组(P<0.05);A组、C组整个试验期均无死淘鸡只,而对照D组的死淘率为2.22%。鸡蛋品质上,A、B、C、D各组鸡蛋在蛋形指数、浓蛋白指数及蛋黄指数上均无显著性差异(P>0.05),但对照D组出现粪蛋、血斑蛋、畸形蛋、软皮蛋的次品蛋数量要明显高于其他3组,且存在蛋品颜色不均匀的现象。免疫功能上,A组、C组蛋鸡血液中溶菌酶活性极显著高于对照D组(P<0.01);C组蛋鸡血清的球蛋白极显著高于对照D组(P<0.01),A组蛋鸡血清的球蛋白显著高于对照D组(P<0.05)。抗氧化性能上,A组、C组蛋鸡血液中T-SOD活性极显著高于对照D组(P<0.01);A组、C组蛋鸡血液中MDA含量极显著低于对照D组(P<0.01)。故在日粮中添加一定比例的HLJDS和QWT,能在一定程度上提高蛋鸡生产性能、减少次蛋率和死淘鸡只,并能提升蛋鸡免疫功能和抗氧化性能,有利于提升蛋鸡养殖经济效益。

关键词: 中药提取物, 海兰褐蛋鸡, 生产性能, 免疫功能, 抗氧化性能

Abstract:

The aim of this experiment was to study the effects of Chinese herbal extracts on performance, blood immune function and antioxidant properties of Highland brown laying hens. A total of 360 healthy 42-week-old Highland brown laying hens were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates per group and 30 laying hens per replicate. Samples in groups A, B and C were fed with 0.4% Chinese herbal extract compound Coptis Jiedu Powder HLJDS, Pulsatilla Pulsatilla Powder BTWS and Qingwen Decoction QWT on the basis of commercially available normal full price feed, and control group D was fed with the commercially available normal full price feed. The pre-test lasted for 7 days and the experiment lasted for 28 days. The results showed as follows. In terms of production performance, the laying rate of laying hens in group C was extremely significantly higher than that of control group D (P<0.01), and the laying rate of laying hens in group A was significantly higher than that of control group D (P<0.05). The feed to egg ratio of laying hens in groups A and C was significantly lower than that of control group D (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in average egg weight among all groups (P>0.05). The defective egg rate of laying hens in groups A and C was extremely significantly lower than that of control group D (P<0.01), and the defective egg rate of laying hens in group B was significantly lower than that of control group D (P<0.05). There was no dead culling chicken in group A and Group C during the whole experiment period, while the dead culling rate in control group D was 2.22%. In terms of egg quality, there were no significant differences in egg shape index, protein concentration index and yolk index in groups A, B, C and D (P>0.05), but the number of defective eggs in fecal eggs, bloodstained eggs, malformed eggs and soft preserved eggs in control group D was significantly higher than that of the other three groups, and there was a phenomenon of uneven egg color. In terms of immune function, the activity of lysozyme in blood of groups A and C was extremely significantly higher than that of control group D (P<0.01). Serum globulin of laying hens in group C was extremely significantly higher than that of control group D (P<0.01), and serum globulin of laying hens in group A was significantly higher than that of control group D (P<0.05). In terms of antioxidant performance, the T-SOD activity in blood of laying hens in groups A and C was significantly higher than that of control group D (P<0.01). The content of MDA in blood of laying hens in groups A and C was significantly lower than that of control group D (P<0.01). Dietary addition of HLJDS and QWT can improve the production performance of laying hens, reduce the defective egg rate and dead chickens to a certain extent, and improve the immune function and antioxidant properties of laying hens, which is conducive to improving the economic benefits of laying hens.

Key words: Chinese herbal extract, Highland brown laying hens, production performance, immune function, antioxidant activity