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中国农学通报 ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (20): 105-111.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2021-0567

所属专题: 生物技术 水产渔业 畜牧兽医 农业气象

• 畜牧·动物医学·蚕·蜂 • 上一篇    下一篇

青藏高原地区冷季补饲对牦牛生产性能和血液生化指标的影响

吴浩1(), 海鹏2, 郭霏1, 参木友3   

  1. 1动物营养国家重点实验室,中国农业大学动物科技学院,北京 100193
    2辽宁省阜新市农业综合行政执法队,辽宁阜新 123000
    3西藏自治区农牧科学院草业科学研究所,拉萨 850000
  • 收稿日期:2021-05-28 修回日期:2021-11-09 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-08-23
  • 作者简介:吴浩,男,1987年出生,河北保定人,副教授,主要从事反刍动物营养与饲料科学方面的研究。通信地址:100193 北京市海淀区圆明园西路2号,E-mail: wu2213@cau.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家现代农业产业建设项目“国家现代农业产业技术体系”(CARS-17);农业农村部政府购买项目“农牧交错带牛羊牧繁农育关键技术集成示范项目”(16200158)

Effect of Supplementary Feed on Growth Performance, Serum Biochemical Indices and Economic Benefit of Grazing Yaks in Cold Season

WU Hao1(), HAI Peng2, GUO Fei1, CAN Muyou3   

  1. 1State Key Laboratory of Animal Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193
    2Agricultural Comprehensive Administrative Law Enforcement Brigade, Fuxin, Liaoning 123000
    3Institute of Pratacultural Science, Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa 850000
  • Received:2021-05-28 Revised:2021-11-09 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-08-23

摘要:

本试验旨在探究冷季放牧牦牛补饲对生长性能和血液生化指标的影响。试验选取健康牦牛120头,分为对照组(放牧)和补饲组(放牧+补饲)共8组,每组15头牦牛,试验期为120天,其中预饲期7天。结果表明,与放牧组相比,补饲组牦牛日增重均显著提高(P<0.05),并且,随着补饲量的升高,增重呈线性增加;补饲对放牧牦牛血液生化指标均无显著影响(P>0.05);补饲能量料每头牦牛每天净收入为4.93元,显著高于放牧组的1.69元,全期可比放牧组多收入388.80元。随着补饲料添加量增加,每头牦牛毛收入也显著增加(P<0.05),补饲0.4%混合料的净收入最高,较放牧组可多收入247.20元。综上所述,冷季对放牧牦牛进行补饲,不仅可以缓解由于饲料短缺带来的体重下降,并且对牦牛健康不会带来负面影响,同时可以提高牦牛养殖的经济效益。

关键词: 冷季补饲, 放牧牦牛, 生产性能, 血液生化指标

Abstract:

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementary feed on growth performance and blood biochemical indexes of grazing yak in cold season. A total of 120 healthy yaks were selected and randomly divided into 8 groups including 1 grazing group (control) and 7 supplemental groups (grazing + supplementary feed). The experiment lasted for 120 days with the beginning of 7 days for adaptation. The results showed that average daily gain was significantly increased for supplementary feed group compared to grazing group (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the average daily gain was linearly increased with the increase of supplemental levels (P<0.05). However, serum biochemical indices were not significantly affected by supplementary feed (P>0.05), indicating that nutrients’ digestion and absorption were not negatively affected. There were significant differences in net income for energy supplement between supplemental group and grazing group (P<0.05), which was 4.93 Yuan and 1.69 Yuan per head, respectively, and supplemental group had 388.80 Yuan more during the total experimental period. Meanwhile, net income was the highest at 0.4% supplemental level, 247.20 Yuan more than the grazing group. In summary, the growth performance and economic benefit could be improved by supplementary feed without adverse effect on animal health in cold season.

Key words: supplementary feed in cold season, grazing yak, growth performance, serum biochemical indices

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