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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2026, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (13): 105-113.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb2025-0924

• 资源·环境·生态·土壤·气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

六盘山桃儿七野生与迁地保护种群的叶片性状、药效成分及代谢物差异分析

于雯静1(), 马小霞1, 朱强2, 张旭3, 高丽凡1, 王玲霞1,2, 梁文裕1,2()   

  1. 1 宁夏大学生命科学学院， 银川 750021
    2 林木资源高效生产全国重点实验室， 银川 750021
    3 隆德县农业技术推广服务中心， 宁夏隆德 756300
  • 收稿日期:2025-11-11 修回日期:2026-05-02 出版日期:2026-07-15 发布日期:2026-07-09
  • 通讯作者:
    梁文裕，男，1969年出生，宁夏中卫人，教授，博士，主要从事药用植物资源保护与利用研究。通信地址：750021 宁夏回族自治区银川市西夏区 宁夏大学文萃校区知本楼402室，E-mail：。
  • 作者简介:

    于雯静，女，1999年出生，宁夏银川人，硕士研究生在读，研究方向为植物资源保护与利用。通信地址：750021 宁夏回族自治区银川市西夏区 宁夏大学文萃校区知本楼404室，E-mail：。

  • 基金资助:
    宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重点项目“宁南丘陵区特色中药材种植与生态经济树种高效生产关键技术研究”(2024BEG02037); 宁夏回族自治区重点研发计划重点项目“六盘山特色濒危中药材资源保护与开发利用关键技术研究与示范”(2022BBF02032)

Differences Analysis of Leaf Characteristics, Effective Components and Metabolites Between Wild Population and Ex-situ Conservation Population of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum in Liupan Mountain

YU Wenjing1(), MA Xiaoxia1, ZHU Qiang2, ZHANG Xu3, GAO Lifan1, WANG Lingxia1,2, LIANG Wenyu1,2()   

  1. 1 College of Life Sciences, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021
    2 National Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources, Yinchuan 750021
    3 Longde County Agricultural Technology Extension Service Center, Longde, Ningxia 756300
  • Received:2025-11-11 Revised:2026-05-02 Published:2026-07-15 Online:2026-07-09

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摘要：

探究六盘山地区珍稀濒危药用植物桃儿七野生和迁地保护条件下的叶片性状、根部药效成分含量及代谢物差异，以期为桃儿七资源保护及引种回归提供理论基础。以2年生野生与迁地保护桃儿七的生境土壤、叶片和根为材料，检测野生与迁地保护条件下桃儿七的土壤理化指标、叶片功能性状、光合指标、生态化学计量特征、养分回收效率、根药效成分含量及代谢物差异。结果表明，野生分布区土壤的有机碳、总氮、碱解氮及有效钾等指标显著高于迁地保护区，而pH显著低于迁地保护区，两地土壤的含水量、总磷、总钾含量均无显著差异。迁地保护桃儿七叶片干物质量、碳/氮、碳/磷、氮/磷及根中山柰酚含量均显著高于野生分布区；叶长、叶宽及叶表面积，叶片碳、氮、磷元素含量，叶片养分回收效率，根的鬼臼毒素及4'-去甲基鬼臼毒素含量均显著低于野生种群。2种生境下桃儿七叶片的蒸腾速率、净光合速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度、相对含水量及根部槲皮素含量均无显著差异。在野生及迁地保护桃儿七的根中共鉴定出3406种代谢物，其中无显著性差异代谢物1136个，与鬼臼毒素等药效成分合成相关的代谢物差异显著。综上，迁地环境显著改变桃儿七的生长策略与次生代谢积累模式，差异主要由土壤养分、降水、温度等环境因子驱动。研究结果可为桃儿七迁地保护生境优化、药效成分稳定调控及野生种群回归重建提供理论依据。

关键词: 桃儿七, 迁地保护, 叶片功能性状, 药效成分, 生态化学计量特征

Abstract:

Sinopodophyllum hexandrum is a rare and endangered medicinal plant. This study aimed to compare leaf traits, bioactive components and metabolic profiles in roots between wild population and ex-situ conservation population in Liupan Mountain, providing a theoretical basis for the resource protection and reintroduction of S. hexandrum. Rhizosphere soils, leaves and roots were collected from two-year-old S. hexandrum plants in both environments. Soil physicochemical properties, leaf functional traits, photosynthetic parameters, ecological stoichiometry, nutrient resorption efficiency and the content of medicinal composition and metabolomics in root were assessed. The results showed that soil in wild distribution areas contained significantly more organic carbon, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen and available potassium, while pH was lower than in ecological planting area soils. No significant differences were observed in soil water content, total phosphorus or total potassium. The dry matter mass, C/N, C/P and N/P in the leaves and kaempferol content in the roots of two-year-old S. hexandrum in ex-situ conservation population were significantly higher than those of wild population. However, their leaf length, width, surface area, content of C, N and P elements in leaves, nutrient absorption efficiency, content of root podophyllotoxin and 4’-demethylated podophyllotoxin were significantly lower than those of wild population. Photosynthetic indices (net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, transpiration rate, and intercellular CO2 concentration), leaf relative water content and quercetin content in roots showed no significant difference both populations. There were a total of 3406 metabolites in the roots of S. hexandrum of ex-situ conservation population and wild population, of which 1136 metabolites showed no significant differences, some metabolites related to the synthesis of medicinal ingredients such as podophyllotoxin showed significant differences. The leaf functional traits, ecological stoichiometry characteristics and medicinal ingredient content of S. hexandrum of ex-situ conservation population are different from those of wild population, which may be related to environmental factors such as soil factors, rainfall and temperature in its distribution area. The results of this study can provide a theoretical basis for the optimization of ex-situ conservation habitat, the stable regulation of medicinal components and the regression and reconstruction of wild populations of S. hexandrum.

Key words: Sinopodophyllum hexandrum, ex-situ conservation, leaf functional traits, pharmacological ingredients, ecological stoichiometry characteristics

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