Abstract: 202 soil 0~20cm mixed samples of present rubber plantations and the second countrywide general soil survey profile data of the natural tropical rain forest and the tropical bush lawn soil corresponding to the present rubber plantations were used to analyze space-time variation characters of soil fertility quality indices, such as soil pH, soil organic matter, soil nitrogen/phosphorus/potassium，and so on. The results show the soil pH value and the content level of the phosphorus/potassium change remarkably, otherwise, coefficient variations of the soil pH value, the organic matter content, the content level of the phosphorus/potassium change differently after planting rubber tree in Hainan different regions.