Abstract: In this paper, to investigate the function mechanism of antisense - thioredoxin s (anti-trxs) gene in transgenic wheat, the endogenous trxh gene expression pattern, the contents of endogenous ABA and GAs, pre-harvest sprouting characteristic and their relationship in transgenic line 01TY18-99-8, 01TY18-100-2 and non-transgenic cultivar ‘Yumai 18’ were studied by real-time RT-PCR, enzyme linked immunoserbent assay (ELISA) and intact spike sprouting assay. The result indicated that foreign anti-trxs gene could express. During seed filling process, the express amounts of trxh gene in two transgenic line seeds were lower distinctly than non-transgenic seeds (Fig. 1). Compared with non-transgenic plant, the ABA and ABA/GAs contents in transgenic lines increased significantly (P < 0.01) by 18.39% and 23.47% respectively at 10～30 day after anthesis (Fig. 2, Fig. 4), while the GAs content decreased averagely by 9.14% at 15～30 day after anthesis (Fig. 3). The sprouting ratio of seeds on spikes decreased significantly (P < 0.01) by 49.65%、28.2%、27.23%, respectively at the periods of 20, 25 and 30 day after anthesis (Table 1). Based on further correlative analysis, the sprouting ratio of spikes were negatively correlated with the contents of ABA and ABA/GAs, and the correlation between the sprouting ratio of spikes and the contents of ABA and ABA/GAs reached a significantly level (P < 0.05) or greatly significantly level (P < 0.01). The sprouting ratio of spikes were positively correlated with the GAs contents, but the correlation between the sprouting ratio of spikes and the GAs contents didn’t reached a significantly level except for at 30 day after anthesis(Table 2). Thus it can be concluded that foreign trxs gene expression in transgenic lines maybe regulate the balances of ABA and GAs contents, made ABA level increased and leaded finally to the sprouting ratio of spikes lower.