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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2013, Vol. 29 ›› Issue (5): 127-131.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2012-3386

• 三农问题研究 • 上一篇    下一篇

政府定价机制下黑龙江省农户灌溉行为的负外部性分析

黄楠 郭翔宇 颜华 付强   

  • 收稿日期:2012-10-15 修回日期:2012-10-31 出版日期:2013-02-15 发布日期:2013-02-15
  • 基金资助:
    黑龙江省哲学社会科学研究规划重大决策咨询项目“推进我省农田水利建设与提高粮食生产能力研究”(11G002)；黑龙江省研究生创新科研项目“黑龙江省农业用水价格形成机制创新研究”(YJSCX2012-018HLJ)；黑龙江省博士后科研启动金资助项目“黑龙江省农田水利建设与提高粮食生产能力研究”(LBH-Q11156)；黑龙江省教育厅人文社会科学重点研究项目“推进我省农田水利建设的模式、机制与政策研究”(1252z001)。

Analysis on Negative Externality of Farmer Irrigation Behavior Under the Government Pricing Mechanism in Heilongjiang Province

  • Received:2012-10-15 Revised:2012-10-31 Online:2013-02-15 Published:2013-02-15

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摘要： 结合黑龙江省农业水价的政策现状和调研走访情况，认识农户灌溉行为产生的初因，指出农户灌溉行为的负外部性表现，并对负外部性的实质进行经济学分析。研究表明：在政府定价机制下，农业用水价格的实施不利于鼓励农户在生产中主动节约用水，农业水资源的浪费会增加社会用水的边际成本。适宜采取产权界定的方式将外部性内部化，通过农业水资源的合理经营和再配置，将农业水资源的价格形成机制逐步市场化，通过价格杠杆作用实现水资源的高效利用和帕累托最优。

关键词: 氮循环, 氮循环

Abstract: This paper combined with the pricing policy of the Heilongjiang agricultural water and field research. The article clued from understanding the reasons for farmer irrigation behavior, and then described the negative external performance of the irrigation behavior, focusing on the substance of the negative externalities of economics. Research showed that, in the government pricing mechanism, the implementation of the existing agricultural water price was not conducive to encouraging farmers to take the initiative to save water in production. As a result, water wastage in agriculture has increased the social marginal cost of water. In the author's view, the definition of property rights was the best way for the internalization of external effects, which can achieve efficient use of water resources, and Pareto optimality by reconfiguring and operating the water resources.