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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2012, Vol. 28 ›› Issue (15): 211-215.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2011-2664

所属专题： 农业生态

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

百菌清在土壤中的降解及其生态环境效应

郎漫 李平 蔡祖聪   

  • 收稿日期:2011-09-18 修回日期:2011-11-21 出版日期:2012-05-25 发布日期:2012-05-25
  • 基金资助:

    耕作和施肥对黑土氮初级转化速率的影响及其环境效应;杀菌剂对土壤硝化作用和反硝化作用的影响

The Degradation of Chlorothalonil in Soil and its Environmental Implications

  • Received:2011-09-18 Revised:2011-11-21 Online:2012-05-25 Published:2012-05-25

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摘要：

百菌清是国内外广泛使用的一种茎叶喷洒类杀菌剂，过量施用或者喷施后降雨、灌溉会使百菌清在土壤中累积。明确百菌清在土壤中的降解转化过程以及对土壤生态环境的影响对于合理施用杀菌剂具有重要意义。为此，综述了百菌清在土壤中的降解途径、降解产物、影响因素及其对土壤微生物和氮素转化过程影响的研究进展。指出未来还需进一步加强百菌清的作用机制，对微生物结构和组成的影响，以及对土壤肥力和生态环境影响的综合评价等方面的研究。

关键词: 果实品质, 果实品质

Abstract:

Chlorothalonil is one of the most widely used foliar fungicides in the world. When using chlorothalonil to prevent or reduce fungal pathogens on crop plants, over-application, or application followed by irrigation or rainfall may cause the accumulation of chlorothalonil in soil. A better understanding of the fate and behavior of chlorothalonil in soil as well as its effects on soil ecological environment will improve our ability to use fungicides properly. This paper summarized advanced research achievements in degradation and transformation processes of chlorothalonil in soil and its effects on microbial activity and nitrogen cycling. The paper, on the basis of literature review, suggests that further studies are needed on the fields such as the exact mechanisms to influence microbial, the effects on microbial community structure and characterization, and the comprehensive evaluation of chlorothalonil application on soil fertility and ecological environment.