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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (21): 169-172.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2013-3080

所属专题： 植物保护； 小麦

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

叶面肥与农药配合喷施对冬小麦产量和产量构成的影响

李修平 车升国   

  • 收稿日期:2013-11-22 修回日期:2014-02-25 出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2014-07-25
  • 基金资助:
    中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金 “水氮耦合对小麦氮素和水分利用率的影响” (2010-26)。

Effect of Interaction of Foliar Fertilizer and Pesticide on Wheat Yields and Yields Components on Huang-huai-hai Plain

  • Received:2013-11-22 Revised:2014-02-25 Online:2014-07-25 Published:2014-07-25

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摘要： 为了研究黄淮海平原肥料和农药配合施用对蚜虫的防治、小麦的产量及产量构成的影响，以黄淮海平原中部地区冬小麦为研究对象，通过叶面肥（以叶面肥多肽、黄腐酸磷酸二氢钾、硝酸钾和硫酸锌猛为）和农药（吡虫啉和菊酯）交互配合施用，研究肥药配合施用对蚜虫的防治、小麦的产量及产量构成的影响。结果表明，不添加叶面肥条件下，单独喷施农药小麦产量约为7846.5 kg/hm2，在添加多肽、黄腐酸、磷酸二氢钾、硝酸钾或者硫酸锌猛后，小麦产量明显增加，增幅为0.55%~6.45%。硝酸钾配施农药增幅最高，每公顷增产1000.5 kg，多肽和硫酸锌猛次之，每公顷增产为265.5 kg和288.0 kg，而黄腐酸和磷酸二氢钾增加较低，约为96.0 kg和43.5 kg。农药（吡虫啉和菊酯）与叶面肥（多肽、黄腐酸磷酸二氢钾、硝酸钾和硫酸锌）交互配合施用不仅提高了小麦产量，也明显起到杀虫作用，防虫效果明显。吡虫啉的防控率为85.7%，菊脂的为86.0%，并没有出现叶面肥降低农药杀虫的作用，具有实际的农事指导意思。

关键词: 溶解, 溶解

Abstract: Wheat plays an important role in food security, and foliar fertilizer and pesticide can promote wheat production. To analyze the effect of foliar fertilizer, pesticide and interaction on wheat yields, yields components and aphis control, the author conducted 12 treatments, comprised of two kinds of pesticides (imidacloprid and pvrethroids) and five foliar fertilizer (polypeptide, fulvic acid, monopotassium phosphate, Potassium nitrate, and zinc sulfate) in Huang- huai- hai plain. The results showed that under pesticide treatment without foliar fertilizer, wheat yield was only 7846.5 kg/hm2, while combined with foliar fertilizer, such as polypeptide, fulvic acid, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, and zinc sulfate, the wheat yield increased significantly at a rate from 0.55% to 6.45%. Under the foliar treatment of polypeptide, fulvic acid, monopotassium phosphate, potassium nitrate, and zinc sulfate, the wheat yields increased by 1000.5, 265.5, 288.0, 96.0, and 43.5 kg/hm2, respectively. Therefore, the interaction of foliar fertilizer and pesticide could promote wheat production, meanwhile had significant effect on aphis control with the rate of insect resistant more than 80%.