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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (30): 28-33.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1491

所属专题： 生物技术； 土壤重金属污染； 水稻

• 农学 农业基础科学 • 上一篇    下一篇

水稻根际酶活性对土壤重金属污染的响应

许超,陈旭磊,陈倩婷,黄道友,张杨珠,李冬初   

  1. 湖南农业大学资源环境学院,华南农业大学资源环境学院,华南农业大学资源环境学院,中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所,湖南农业大学,祁阳农田生态系统国家野外试验站
  • 收稿日期:2014-05-24 修回日期:2014-05-24 接受日期:2014-08-18 出版日期:2014-10-31 发布日期:2014-10-31
  • 通讯作者: 许超
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金“生物质炭对镉在红壤—水稻系统中迁移转化的影响机制”(41101293)；广东省自然科学基金项目“重金属污染下水稻 根际土壤有机碳与微生物群落演变”(9451064201003780)；国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973”计划）“农田地力形成与演变规律及其主控因素” (2011CB100501)

Response of Enzymatic Activities in the Rhizosphere of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) to Heavy Metal Contamination

  • Received:2014-05-24 Revised:2014-05-24 Accepted:2014-08-18 Online:2014-10-31 Published:2014-10-31

摘要： 为了解水稻根际土壤酶活性的变化及其与根际重金属有效性的关系，选取酸性矿山废水污灌形成的多重金属污染水稻土，采用根际袋模拟水稻根际环境，研究水稻根际土壤脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、过氧化氢酶活性的变化特征及其与土壤有效态Cd、Pb、Cu和Zn含量的关系。结果表明，根际土壤pH和脲酶活性均低于非根际土壤，根际土壤微生物量碳和磷酸酶活性均高于非根际土壤。根际土壤有效态Cd和Zn含量低于非根际土壤，有效态Pb 和Cu含量高于非根际土壤。土壤pH与有效态Pb和有效态Zn均呈显著负相关，有效态Cd、有效态Pb 和有效态Cu含量与微生物量碳均呈显著正相关，有效态Cd、有效态Pb、有效态Cu和有效态Zn含量与土壤脲酶活性呈显著负相关，有效态Cd、有效态Pb 和有效态Cu含量与蔗糖酶活性呈显著正相关。可见，在多重金属污染土壤，土壤酶活性受不同重金属有效态含量影响；该结果可为水稻重金属污染治理研究提供理论依据。

关键词: 原因, 原因

Abstract: A soil-cultivating test, with rhizobag technique, was conducted to study soil enzymatic activities and its relationships with available heavy metal concentration in rhizosphere of rice (Oryza sativa L.). The changes of urea, phosphatase, sucrase and catalase activities in the rhizosphere soil and its relationships with available Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn concentrations were investigated. The soil samples were taken from the multimetal contaminated paddy soils due to the irrigation of acid mine drainage for more than 40 years. The results showed that both the pH value and urease activity in rhizosphere soil were lower than that in non-rhizosphere soil, while both the microbial biomass carbon concentration and phosphatase activity in rhizosphere soil were higher than that in non- rhizosphere soil. The concentration of available Cd and Zn in rhizosphere soil was lower than those of non- rhizosphere soil, and the concentrations of available Pb and Cu were higher in rhizosphere soil. Soil pH was significantly negatively correlated with the concentrations of available Pb and Zn; the concentrations of available Cd, Pb and Cu was significantly positively correlated with the concentrations of microbial biomass carbon; the concentrations of available Cd, Pb, Cu and Zn was significantly negatively correlated with soil urease activity; the concentrations of available Cd, Pb and Cu was significantly positively correlated with soil sucrase activity. Our results indicated that enzyme activities of soil were remarkably affected by available heavy metal concentration in multi-metal contaminated soil. The results provide theory evidence for controlling the heavy metal pollution of rice.