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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2014, Vol. 30 ›› Issue (36): 237-241.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1732

所属专题： 农业地理； 耕地保护

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

不同土地利用方式对高寒地区水土流失的影响

令凡,焦健   

  1. 甘肃农业大学,甘肃农业大学
  • 收稿日期:2014-06-20 修回日期:2014-06-20 接受日期:2014-07-17 出版日期:2015-03-20 发布日期:2015-03-20
  • 通讯作者: 焦健
  • 基金资助:
    国家国际科技合作专项(2012DFR30830)； 甘肃省农牧厅农业科技创新项目(GNCX-2012-47)。

Effects of Different Land Use on Soil and Water Erosion in Alpine Areas

  • Received:2014-06-20 Revised:2014-06-20 Accepted:2014-07-17 Online:2015-03-20 Published:2015-03-20

摘要： 通过对青藏高原边缘祁连山东段天祝金强河河谷不同土地利用方式下土壤的理化性质和水土流失状况的定点观测，分析了不同土地利用方式下的水土流失特征，探讨了不同土地利用方式对高寒地区水土流失的影响。结果表明：研究区的降雨量分布不均匀，不同土地利用方式下的径流量、泥沙量随降雨量变化存在显著差异(P＜0.05)，径流量大小依次为：坡耕地(4199.96 mL)>退耕自然恢复地(3614.28 mL)>天然草地(1190.3 mL)；泥沙流失量由大到小为：坡耕地(0.329 t/hm2)>退耕自然恢复地(0.256 t/hm2)>天然草地(0.087 t/hm2)。坡耕地和退耕自然恢复地径流量和泥沙流失量较大，水土流失较严重，天然草地在自然环境综合因素下进行更新，有利于防止土壤侵蚀，水土流失量比坡耕地和退耕自然恢复地小，水土保持效果较好。

关键词: 景观设计, 景观设计

Abstract: The research was conducted in Jinjiang River Valley, in the Eastern Qilian Mountains on the edge of the Tibetan Plateau. With fixed observation of different land uses patterns and chemical properties of soil and water erosion situation, the research analyzed soil erosion features under different land use patterns and discussed the influence of soil and water erosion in alpine areas under different land use patterns. The results showed that because uneven distribution of rainfall in the study area, there were significant differences in runoff volume and the amount of sediment (P <0.05). The runoff volume order was: slop cropland (4199.9 mL)＞ naturally restored abandoned cropland (3614.28 mL)＞natural grassland (1190.3 mL). Sediment loss from high to low was: slop cropland (0.329 t/hm2) ＞naturally restored abandoned cropland (0.256 t/hm2) ＞natural grassland (0.087 t/hm2). Soil erosion was more serious in slop cropland and naturally restored abandoned cropland. Natural grassland updating in the natural environment under the comprehensive factors was good for preventing soil erosion and had better water conservation effect.