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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2015, Vol. 31 ›› Issue (3): 179-185.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.2014-1868

所属专题： 土壤重金属污染

• 资源 环境 生态 土壤 气象 • 上一篇    下一篇

宝鸡市城郊农田土壤重金属污染风险评估

范拴喜   

  1. 宝鸡文理学院
  • 收稿日期:2014-07-07 修回日期:2015-01-26 接受日期:2014-12-10 出版日期:2015-03-19 发布日期:2015-03-19
  • 通讯作者: 范拴喜
  • 基金资助:
    陕西省重点实验室项目“关中渭河流域土壤重金属污染风险评估”(11JS013)；陕西省教育厅专项科研项目“陕西省眉县猕猴桃产区果园土壤重金属及碳、氮、磷特征研究”(2013JK0854)；宝鸡市科技局计划项目“渭河宝鸡流域土壤重金属污染风险评估”(11R03-8)和“眉县猕猴桃种植园区土壤碳、氮、磷及重金属特征研究（2013R6-2)”；陕西省地理学重点学科资助。

Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Suburban Farmland Soil from Baoji City

范拴喜   

  • Received:2014-07-07 Revised:2015-01-26 Accepted:2014-12-10 Online:2015-03-19 Published:2015-03-19

摘要： 为了揭示城市化和工业化等人为活动对土壤环境质量的影响，选择宝鸡市城郊结合部为研究区域，对土壤样品Cu、Zn、Pb、Cd和Cr 等5种重金属进行了测定；采用单因子污染指数、综合污染指数法、地积累指数、内梅罗指数和H?kanson潜在生态危害指数对土壤重金属污染状况进行评价，同时运用潜在生态危害指数法分析研究了土壤重金属的潜在生态风险程度。结果表明：研究区域土壤中的5种重金属中除Cd的平均累计含量已超过国家土壤环境质量标准GB15618-2008中的二级标准外，其它4种重金属元素的平均累计含量均未超过国家二级标准；内梅罗综合评价结果表明宝鸡城郊农田土壤大多数采样点重金属污染处于尚清洁水平，S3和S5点处轻度污染，S7点中度污染，S6点为重污染；地积累指数评价结果，5种重金属的污染顺序为Cd≥Cu≥Pb≥Zn≥Cr；5种重金属中Cd是生态风险最大，单个潜在生态危害程度为Cd＞Cu≥Pb≥Cr≥Zn；综合潜在生态危害评价显示，在S6和S7处综合为强生态危害，S3、S5和S10处中等生态危害，其余采样点处为轻微生态危害。源解析研究表明研究区域土壤中的Pb、Cu、Cr和Zn来为同一污染源，而Cd为另外某一污染源。

关键词: 贮藏, 贮藏

Abstract: In order to reveal the impact of urbanization and industrialization activities on soil environmental quality in a region, the research focused on outskirts of city to combine ministry of Baoji. The soil samples were collected from sampling sites, and measured heavy metal contents. To analyze and assess the pollution degree by using the single pollution index, the composite pollution index, the geoaccumulation index, N.L.Nemerow index and H?kanson’s potential ecological risk index. The results showed that the mean contents of all metals except Cd were lower than their environmental quality secondary standard values for soils (GB 15618-1995). The results of N.L.Nemerow index showed that most of the sampling point of heavy metal contaminated level was cleaner, slightly polluted in the sampling point of S3 and S5, moderate level of pollution in the sampling point of S7, heavy pollution in the sampling point of S6. The results of the geoaccumulation index showed that the order of Cd≥Cu≥Pb≥Zn≥Cr. The individual potential ecological risk of Cd in all heavy metals was the most important. The individual potential ecological risk of heavy metals ranked in order of Cd＞Cu≥Pb≥Cr≥Zn. The results of the integrated pollution indexes of heavy metals were considerable risk, moderate risk in the sampling point of S3, S5 and S10, the rest of the sampling points were low risk. Analysis of pollution sources showed that Pb, Cu, Cr and Zn might had identical anthropogenic and natural sources, while Cd might have the same source in outskirts of city to combine ministry of Baoji.