关键词: 生物学特性, 生物学特性

Abstract: Cross-breeding is an important way for fruit breeding, but the low fruit setting and seed yield rate of jujube fruit limit the progress of jujube crossbreeding. In order to improve the Ziziphus jujuba hybridization breeding efficiency, in this study, we chose three different cultivars of Ziziphus jujuba, ie ‘Dongzao’, ‘Zaocuiwang’ and ‘Fengmiguan’ as targets, to investigate the fruit setting rules and improve the fruit setting rate among these three cultivars. The results showed that, three varieties of jujube fruit all had similar fruit setting laws. The fruit setting percentage varies in fruit spurs from different angles, with southern outside the highest, then followed by the southern inside, the northern outside and the northern inside orderly; the fruit setting percentage of perennial branches is the highest, then is 2 to 3 years, with 1 year as the lowest; the fruit mainly distributes between 3rd to 7th node in shedding shoot of jujube and its fruit setting percentage can be significantly improved by watering, fertilization and girdling treatments in the full-bloom stage. Spraying 2,4-D butylate, gibberellin and boric acid can increase fruit setting percentage significantly, but spraying 2,4-D butylate and gibberellin can decrease the percentage of kernel, while the treatment of boric acid can improve the percentage of kernel.