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中国农学通报

中国农学通报 ›› 2019, Vol. 35 ›› Issue (20): 104-111.doi: 10.11924/j.issn.1000-6850.casb18080046

所属专题： 园艺

• 植物保护 农药 • 上一篇    下一篇

甜瓜叶斑病病原鉴定及室内药剂筛选

徐太东1, 梁巧兰1, 吴琼2, 李嘉明2, 张强艳1, 康甲余1, 连芸芸1, 安贤1   

  1. 1.甘肃农业大学植物保护学院/甘肃省农作物病虫害生物防治工程实验室;2.甘肃农业大学
  • 收稿日期:2018-08-11 修回日期:2019-06-13 接受日期:2018-11-20 出版日期:2019-07-15 发布日期:2019-07-15
  • 通讯作者: 梁巧兰
  • 基金资助:
    甘肃农业大学国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“生物农药复配剂对兰州百合灰霉病协同增效作用研究”(201810733008)；甘肃农业大 学省级大学生创新创业训练计划项目“生物农药复配剂对兰州百合灰霉病协同增效作用研究”(201810733002)；甘肃农业大学本科生科研训练项目 “生物农药复配剂对兰州百合灰霉病协同增效作用研究”(20181307)；兰州市科技局项目“兰州百合病虫害绿色防控技术研发及集成研究”(2018-4- 78)；甘肃省农牧厅项目“生防木霉T2 诱导植物抗病物质分析及其诱抗剂开发与应用”(GNSW-2016-25)；甘肃农业大学学科建设基金项目“基于生防 木霉T2 蛋白激发子TraT2A诱导抗病作用及机理研究”(GAU-XKJS-2018-155)。

Identification on pathogen of Melon leaf spot disease and its fungicides screening in laboratory

  • Received:2018-08-11 Revised:2019-06-13 Accepted:2018-11-20 Online:2019-07-15 Published:2019-07-15

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摘要： 【目的】明确近年来引起甘肃大棚甜瓜叶斑病的病原,为该病害的有效防治提供参考依据。【方法】本试验分别采用组织分离法、单孢分离法和生长速率法,对甜瓜叶斑病病原菌及其物学特性和室内药剂筛选进行了研究。【结果】将引起甜瓜叶斑病病原菌病原菌鉴定为多隔链格孢(Alternaira peponicola( Rabenhorst ) simmous)和瓜链格孢(Alternaria cucumerina(Ell.et Ev.)Elliott.)；这两种链格孢生长的最适温度为30℃、光照、适宜培养基分别为完全光照、甜瓜煎汁培养基和完全黑暗、PDA；室内药剂筛选发现不同药剂对不同病原菌抑菌率不同,其中10%苯醚甲环唑、40%氟硅唑、50%福美双、70%代森锰锌对多隔链格孢菌抑菌率均在84%以上,分别为96.66%、94.46%、90.82%、84.37%,其EC50分别为17.89μg/mL、3.41μg/mL、44.27μg/mL、42.34μg/mL；50%醚菌酯、43%戊唑醇、40%腈菌唑对瓜链格孢抑菌作用较好,抑菌率均在85%以上,分别为98.20%、90.82%、85.43%,其EC50分别为3.45μg/mL、21.35μg/mL、5.21μg/mL。【结论】研究结果为甜瓜叶斑病的有效防治提供了依据。

关键词: 生态补偿, 生态补偿, 耕地生态补偿, 实践, 耕地环境质量

Abstract: 【Objective】The pathogen causing leaf spot disease on melon in greenhouse in Gansu in recent years was clarified to provide reference for the effective control of the disease.【Method】In this experiment, the pathogens of melon leaf spot disease, their Biological characteristics and fungicides screening in laboratory were studied by tissue separation method ,single spore isolation method and growth rate method. The pathogens of melon leaf spot disease were identified as Alternaira peponicola (Rabenhorst simmous) and Alternaria cucumerina (Ell. et Ev. Elliott.).The optimal temperature for the growth of these two Alternaria were 30 °C,the light conditions and the suitable medium were completely light and completely dark, melon juice and PDA of Alternaira peponicola (Rabenhorst simmous) and Alternaria cucumerina (Ell. et Ev. Elliott.), respectively. The indoor fungicides screening found that the different fungicides had different inhibition rates for different pathogens, the inhibition rate of 10% difenoconazole, 40% flusilazole, 50% thiram, 70% mancozeb against Alternaira peponicola (Rabenhorst simmous) were above 84%, which were 96.66%, 94.46%, 90.82% and 84.37%, their value of EC50 were 17.89μg/mL, 3.41μg/mL, 44.27μg/mL, 42.34μg/mL, respectively. 50% ether oxystrobin, 43% tebuconazole and 40% myclobutanil had better inhibition against Alternaria cucumerina (Ell. et Ev. Elliott.),the inhibition rates were all above 85%, 98.20%, 90.82% and 85.43%, respectively, and their EC50 were 3.45 μg/mL, 21.35 μg/mL, and 5.21 μg/mL, respectively. 【Conclusion】These results provide a basis for further development and application of the above fungicides. The results provide a basis for effective control of melon leaf spot disease.